頁籤選單縮合
題名 | 黃麻鐘麻及泰國麻生理學的比較研究(3):耐寒性之研究 |
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作者姓名(中文) | 季景元; 屈先澤; | 書刊名 | 中華農學會報 |
卷期 | 77 1972.03[民61.03] |
頁次 | 頁40-51 |
關鍵詞 | 生理學; 耐寒性; 泰國麻; 黃麻; 鐘麻; |
語文 | 中文(Chinese) |
中文摘要 | 本篇耐寒性比較研究之目的,乃在測定黃麻、鐘麻及泰國麻之耐寒性,並比較品種間之差異。分為室內低溫處理及田間自然環境下觀察二部份,自1965至1967共進行2年。茲將結果,綜合摘敘如下: (一)室內研究: 1. 種子萌芽前之低溫處理:浸種時間與種子萌芽率呈極顯著之負相關,浸種時間愈長,發芽率愈低。浸種後再以5℃低溫處理時,二者對種子萌芽力之傷損,產生疊聚作用(Additive effect)。當浸種時間與5℃低溫處理時間同時增長時,種子之發芽率,呈直線遞減。浸種後低溫處理時間短者,各品種之發芽率皆高。品種間發芽率之增減,呈顯著之正相關。 2. 幼苗之低溫處理:苗齡小者,受害率低,苗齡大者受害多。低溫處理間,以0℃低溫為害最重,5℃次之,8℃為害不大,幼苗之死亡率,與處理時間成正比。品種間以黃麻醉不耐寒。鐘麻次之。泰國麻較具耐力。 (二)田間觀察: 1. 種子發芽率:在12月至翌年2月播種者,各品種之發芽期,普通延遲,常至15日至22日後方始萌發,且發芽極不整齊。發芽數以黃麻最少,泰國麻次之,鐘麻較多。因寒流影響,幼苗常在出土時?被凍斃,故精確之發芽率,無法求得。 2. 幼苗凍斃率:幼苗在出土後30天內凍傷最多,至本葉著生5片左右時,遇短期之寒流尚不致死亡。惟生長發育受害。品種間以黃麻幼苗凍斃最多,鐘麻、泰國麻凍害差異不大。此結果與室內調查者相符,確證黃麻最不耐寒。 3. 生長速度:各品種幼苗皆以在4月15日播種者,生長最快,3月21日播種者次之,在11月以後播種者顯著遲緩,至12月麻株幾難伸長。是可顯示無論黃麻、鐘麻或泰國麻,均宜在氣溫由低轉高時播種。若在高溫下,或由高轉低,或在低溫環境下播種,皆不相宜。 |
英文摘要 | Differences in cold resistance among jute (Corchorus capsularis L. & C. olitorious L.) kenaf (Hibiscus cannabinus L.) and roselle (H. sabdariffa L. var. altissima) were studied under laboratory and field conditions. The laboratory data indicated that: 1. Rate of emergence from seed was significantly influenced by available moisture supplied. Prolonged pre-planting soaking could result in injury to the seed and reduce germination. 2. A positive correlation between low temperature injury and pre-plant soaking treatment was found in this study. 3. Jute had a significantly low germination rate than had kenaf and roselle. Distinct varietal difference appeared to be genetically controlled. 4. The rate of seedling growth was severely inhibited at temperatues below 8℃. Jute was almost completely killed at 0℃, while kenaf and resolle showed a relatively high degree of tolerance to cold. The field data followed the pattern expected on the basis of laboratory. 1. The percentage emergence of all the varieties decreased with decreased temperature. 2. The emergence of jute was reduced to a much greater degree with low temperature than was kenaf and roselle, and the greatest depressing effect on C.olitorious was found particularly. 3. The rate of seedling growth was very slow in cold months and almost no growth took place in December and January. In general, it would suggest that the minimum temperature required for germination in the species used in this study is above 8℃ and a higher temperatures are needed for seedling growth. |
本系統之摘要資訊系依該期刊論文摘要之資訊為主。