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題名 | 水稻後期施氮效果與稻株生理階段氮素營養狀態之關係= |
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作者 | 郭國恩; |
期刊 | 中華農學會報 |
出版日期 | 19720600 |
卷期 | 78 1972.06[民61.06] |
頁次 | 頁26-41 |
語文 | chi |
關鍵詞 | 水稻; 生理; 氮; 稻株; |
中文摘要 | (一)在宜蘭地區進行後期施氮效果及適期之試驗3年6作,其中除受颱風災害1期外,有5期資料可用。 (二)後期施氮適期雖以插秧後日數計算時不同年度及期作間有很大變動,但如以生理階段而言,均在主蘗幼穗長達2mm期之前5天至長達2mm期後2天之內(58年一期稍遲)。此階段?幼穗分化期。 (三)以最優處理區產量而言,施用後期氮肥較不施時之增產率為10.4%到38.7%((十)335到1,806公斤/公頃),如與氮素總用量相同而不施後期氮肥之處理比較,其增產為6.2至14.6%(190至713公斤/公頃)。 (四)在上述生理階段施用氮肥獲得最優產量之直接原因,可歸於一穗粒數之增加,千粒重亦在5次試驗中,3次對穗肥效果有貢獻。 (五)在5次試驗中幼穗形成期稻株含氮量變化頗大,在1.3至2.2%之間,但施用穗肥均有卓效。 (六)幼穗形成期施肥當天葉鞘澱粉反應之有無,與穗肥效果間並無相關存在。 (七)施用後期氮肥,較不施者均增加節間長度,但挫折力有減少者,亦有增加者,產量最優處理(第1、2位)與其他有後期追肥之各處理相比,其節間長度均偏低,而其挫折力亦以較強者居多,由此可知在幼穗分化期施用氮肥,其倒伏性通常亦較少。 |
英文摘要 | 1. Experiments on the effect and proper time of late application of nitrogen fertilizer for were rice conducted for six consecutive crop periods during 1969-1971. Data from five crops were analyzed, excluding one crop which was seriously affected by typhoon. 2. The best time of late nitrogen application varied very much among different years and crop periods when the time was calculated as the number of days after transplanting. However, in term of physiological stage of the rice plant, the best time always corresponded to the period between five days before and two days after the young panicle length of the main stem reached 2mm, except in the first crop of 1969 when the best time was somewhat later. 3. Based on the yield of the best treatments, the yeild increases due to application of 25 to 30 kg N per ha at late stage were 10.4 to 38.7%, or 335 to 1,806 kg of grains per ha. If compared with the treatments which received the same total amount of N all in the earlier stages, but no late stage application, the yield increases were 6.2 to 14.6%, or 190 to 713 kg of grains per ha. 4. The main reasons for yield improvement when nitrogen was applied at the best stage as mentioned above were the increases in the number of grains per panicle and the number of panicles per hill. Increase in the thousand grain weight also contributed to the yield improvement in three out of the five crops. 5. Variation of total nitrogen content of rice plants at the young panicle stage (panicle length of main stem. 2mm) was very large among the five crops, ranging from 1.3% to 2.2%. Neverless, effect of nitrogen application at this stage was always quite marked. 6. There was no correlation between the effect of nitrogen application at the young panicle stage and the degree of starch accumulation in leaf sheath on the day of application. 7. As the results of applying late stage nitrogen fertilizer, the length of internodes was always increased, while the breaking strength of the internodes was decreased in some cases and increased in the other. When the two best yielding treatments in each crop wer compared with other treatments with late stage nitrogen applied at various dates, the length of internodes was on the shorter side, and the breaking strength of internodes was larger in the majority of cases. Therefore, possibility of lodging will be relatively small if the late stage nitrogen dressing is made at the young panicle stage. |
本系統之摘要資訊系依該期刊論文摘要之資訊為主。