查詢結果分析
相關文獻
- 臺灣灰壤理化性質與分類之研究
- 臺灣產澱粉理化性質之研究(第3報)--自數種澱粉分離Amylose劃分及其理化性質
- 臺灣產澱粉理化性質之研究(第4報):數種澱粉之Amylopection劃分之分離及其理化性質
- 臺灣紅黃色灰化土生成之研究(4)--本省北部黃棕壤之理化性質及其化育的研究
- 臺灣白鼻心之現況調查
- Evaluating the Effectiveness of the Coal Ash Artificial Reefs at Wan-Li, Northern Taiwan
- 記臺灣蘭科植物相新記錄種--緣毛松蘭
- 臺灣的氣候變化--氣溫和降水
- Change and Stability in the Dietary System of A Prehistoric: Coastal Population in Southern Taiwan: A Research Design
- Diurnal Vertical Distribution of Ichthyoplankton in I-Lan Bay, NE Taiwan
頁籤選單縮合
| 題名 | 臺灣灰壤理化性質與分類之研究= |
|---|---|
| 作者 | 朱惠民; |
| 期刊 | 中華農學會報 |
| 出版日期 | 19710600 |
| 卷期 | 74 1971.06[民60.06] |
| 頁次 | 頁30-49 |
| 語文 | chi |
| 關鍵詞 | 灰壤; 理化性質; 臺灣; |
| 中文摘要 | 本研究目的為比較本省灰壤之特性，特選擇太平山，木瓜山，林田山與大雪山等四土系之代表剖面各一個進行理化分析，以探討本省灰壤之成育與其在第七草案之分類地位，結果摘要如下： 太平山與大雪山系屬粘板岩母質，剖面中含粘粒量頗高，木瓜山與林田山系係由片岩母質所成育，含粘粒量較少，此四土系均分布於2,000~2,600公尺之高山地帶，年平均雨量達5,000公厘，平均溫度僅約10℃，自然植物主為尖葉樹與箭竹之類。 本省灰壤均具明顯之A2層，此層土色為白色至橄欖灰色，無構造，質地頗輕，其B層之顏色為紅黃至濃棕，弱塊狀，形態受質地之影響頗多不同。 土壤物理分布結果顯示各剖面A2層粘粒含量，均較之其B2層低甚多，但細粗粘粒之比率則差異甚少，故粘粒之移積似係機械淋洗之結果。土壤水分當量與粘粒含量頗不一致，可能受有機質與無定型膠體之影響。 化學性質各剖面之A2層含游離鐵、有機質、全氮質與陽游子置換能量、均較之B2層低甚多且全剖面皆呈強酸性。但太平山與大雪山系之B2層所含有機質與C/N比率較之木瓜山與林田山系者為少而狹，同時太平山系B2層之游離鐵與其C層無甚差異，可能由此二剖面之質地甚粘，故自A層洗出之物質不易滲入B層而沉積，大部分隨地形之傾斜而洗出於土體之外。 全量與粘粒分析結果顯示A2層含砂量特高，其餘各層次則均較之其下B2層為低，矽與鋁或矽與鐵、鋁之分子比，均以A2層為最高。太平山系之矽與鐵、鋁比率，B2層較之其C層為高，顯示B層之鐵、鋁由A層所移積者甚少。木瓜山系則C層者較之B層為高，是其B層確有鐵、鋁之沉積。 高山灰壤之成育受地形，植物與母質之影響甚明顯，所生成之剖面呎尺之間?呈不同之型態，其分布均成小面積散存於坡度較緩，森林較茂密之地帶，從其各剖面之β與β11值均大於一觀之，其土壤之風化程度尚甚幼?，而粘粒中B層之Sa值高於C層，則示土壤鋁之移動不甚明顯，此不同於一般正常灰壤者。 依第七草案之分類方法，木瓜山與林田山二土系為具Spodic層之土壤，但此層因受地形之影響，厚薄無定，且多不連續，故此二層或可歸屬為Rutic Entic Normorthods 。至於太平山與大雪山二山系，因係具輕微之沉積與部份之Spodic層特性，僅能以Cambic層視之。而全剖面均呈強酸性，表層含有機質甚高，未知可否歸納為Ultic Spodic Haplumbrepts，則尚有待於土壤分類專家之研討。 |
| 英文摘要 | The purpose of this paper is to study the characteristics of Podzols in Taiwan. Four soil profiles considered as representatives of T'aip'ingshan (profile I), Mukwashan (profile II), Lint'ienshan (profile III), and Tahsuehshan (profile IV) series of Podzols were selected for comparison of their morphological and physico-chemical properties. Their geneses and classification according to the 7th Approximation were discussed. The results may be summarized as follows. Of the four soils T'aip'ingshan and Tahsuehshan series dervied from slate contain more clay than Mukwashan and Lint'ienshan series formed on schist. They are distributed on mountains around 2000-2600 meters above sea level, with annual rainfall about 5,000 mm, and average temperature 10℃, under conifers, shrubby bamboos and shrubs. Morphologically, all of the four profiles contain distinct white to olive gray A2 horizons, massive in structure and lighter in texture than their underlying B2 horizons which are reddish yellow to strong brown in color and weak subangular blocky in structure. Physically, clay contents of A2 horizons are much less than those of B2 horizons, but the ratios of fine clay to coarse clay of each horizon are not significantly different. So it was considered that a little amounts of clay of B2 horizons were received from A horizons but most of them were weathered in place. Moisture equivalents of the soils studied seem more influenced by the contents of organic matter rather than the contents of clay since the ratios of moisture equivalent to clay vary widely. Chemically, the Podzols are characterized by the less contents of free iron, organic matter, nitrogen, and cation exchange capacity in A2 horizons than in B2 horizons, and strongly acid throughout the profiles. However, the process of podzolization of these soils is somewhat different one another, the organic matter content and C/N ratio of B2 horizons of T'aip'ingshan and Tahsuehshan serices are much less than those of Mukwashan and Lint'ienshan serices, and free iron of B2 horizon of T'aip'ingshan series is only little higher than that of its C horizon. This indicates that percolation of heavy textured T'aip'ingshan and Tahsuehshan series is dominantly lateral rather than down straight into the subsoils. So that most of the free iron and organic matter leached from A horizons were sent down the slope out of the sola. Both total and clay fraction analyses of four profiles show that, except silica, A2 horizon contain mush less amount of each element than its B2 horizon, and sa values of A2 horizon are much higher than its B2 horizon. Silica sesquioxide ratio of B horizon bigger than those of C horizon of T'aip'ingshan series indicates little accumulation of sesquioxide in B horizons. But on the contrary, there is evidence of illuviation in Mukwashan series. The genesis of Podzols in Taiwan is markedly influenced by micro relief, kind and density of vegetation, and characteristics of parent material. Their morphological and physico-chemical properties are different from place to place and they are distributed as spots patched with other soils. By refering to the β or β11 values more than one of the soils, weathering degree of these Podzols is still young. Sa ratio of B/C of clay fractions more than one mean very little movement of alumina in the soil. So the podzolization in Taiwan deviates somewhat from typical Podzols. According to the 7th Approximation, Lint'ienshan and Mukwashan series contain B horizons which may be diagnosed an spodic horizon but it is discontinuous. So they may be classified as Ruptic Entic Normorthods. While T'aip'ingshan and Tahsuehshan series possess cambic horizons and umbric epipedons developed under average temperation more than 8.3℃. They may be classified as Haplumbrepts soil group. The deposition of a little amount of fine clay and iron in the cambic horizon seems embryonic argillic horizon and spodic horizon to be present, and the strongly acid are the profiles of these series, it is likely some parts of Ultisol and spodisol characters, which deviate the character of subgroups of Haplumbrept. Would they be classified as Ultic Spodic Haplumbrepts, more researches are required. |
本系統之摘要資訊系依該期刊論文摘要之資訊為主。