頁籤選單縮合
題 名 | 論臺灣黃色種菸草之灌溉問題 |
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作 者 | 吳啟安; | 書刊名 | 中華農學會報 |
卷 期 | 70 1970.06[民59.06] |
頁 次 | 頁58-66 |
關鍵詞 | 黃色種菸草; 臺灣; 灌溉; |
語 文 | 中文(Chinese) |
英文摘要 | Since it is a winter dry season to grow tobacco in Taiwan, irrigation becomes necessary. For the purpose of establishing an adequate irrigation systems, some basic research have been carried out since 1963. The results are as follows; 1. Amount of transpiration in tobacco: There are two main factors affecting the transpiration of tobacco, the area of total leaves and the amount of evaporation. The rate of transpiration increased gradually after transplanting, and reached its maximum at flowering stage, and then droped when the leaves began to mature. Air temperature, humidity and evaporation were the most important factors which effected the water absorption of tobacco plant. It was significant especially at the time of final ridging. 2. The diurnal variation of water absorption of tobacco showed that: The minimum absorption was at 6 a.m., and the maximum at 2 p.m., The water absorption decreased gradually after 4 p.m. The facts suggested that the ability of water absorption was closely related to transpiration. 3. Evapotranspiration of tobasso; The evapotranspiration varied at various growing stage and was very similar to transpiration. It increased rapidly after 22 to 28 days after transplanting and reached the maximum one week after flowering. The total amount of evapotranspiration was estimated at 125, 173 c.c. in whole growing season. It required 261 c.c. of water to produce 1gm of dry matter. 4. 2.80 mm of water per day was required by a single tobacco plant and more than 275 mm of water in total growing period. This is equivalent to 84 mm of precipitation per month. It may require more than 330 mm of water in total growing season, if the plant bed period is included. At the rapid growing stage, the irrigation should be applied at weekly interval. In the period from final ridging to maturity, the water is badly needed for the leaf expansion, therefore, this is the most important period to supply water to tobacco plants by irrigation. 5. Irrigaiton increased significantly the plant height, leaf size and eventually the yield of leaf tobacco because of the better plant growth under irrigation. Above all, the drought at rapid growing stage is harmful to tobacco growing. The effect of irrigation on height of the plant is mainly due to increase of the internodal length rather than number of node. The percentage of cured leaves is higher in less irrigation treatment, though the yield of green leaves under irrigation is 73 percent higher than unirrigated. 6. The time of irrigation showed that the highest yield was from the early growing stage drought, and the highest average values was from the later growing stage drought, indicating that the drought in the early stage was benefited to the root growth, and drought at later stage promoted the development of the leaves. In order to irrigate tobacco properly in Taiwan, we should change the idea that more irrigation gave higher yield properly. In addition. the amount of water for each irrigation must be adequate but not excess from both economic and efficient point of view. Water control in the field during the time of initial growing season and late mature stage may be advantageous for both yield and quality of toabcco. |
本系統中英文摘要資訊取自各篇刊載內容。