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| 題 名 | 不同栽培環境及修剪對‘臺農1號(黃水晶)’金柑果實品質及抗氧化能力之影響=Effects of Different Cultivation Environment and Pruning on Fruit Quality and Antioxidant Capacity of 'Tainung No.1 Citrine' Kumquat (Fortunella crassifolia Swingle 'Tainung No.1 Citrine') |
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| 作 者 | 陳佑瑜; 林玠佑; 張允瓊; | 書刊名 | 宜蘭大學生物資源學刊 |
| 卷 期 | 21 2025.12[民114.12] |
| 頁 次 | 頁1-23 |
| 分類號 | 435.322 |
| 關鍵詞 | 金柑; 修剪; 網室栽培; 抗氧化能力; Kumquat; Pruning; Net-house cultivation; Antioxidant capacity; |
| 語 文 | 中文(Chinese) |
| DOI | 10.6175/job.202512_21.0001 |
| 中文摘要 | 本研究以宜蘭縣礁溪鄉果園10年生黃水晶金柑(Fortunella crassifolia Swingle 'Tainung No.1 Citrine')為試驗材料,探討於田間與網室栽培環境中,中剪(修剪量1/4冠幅)與重剪(修剪量1/2冠幅)對果實品質及抗氧化力表現之影響。處理分別為田間中剪(YF-m)、田間重剪(YF-h)、網室中剪(YN-m)及網室重剪(YN-h),每處理5重複,每重複1株。結果期間每4週採樣測定果皮色澤(柑橘顏色指數CCI)、果實總可溶性固形物含量(°Brix)、可滴定酸含量(%)、糖酸比、DPPH自由基清除率、總黃酮與總酚含量等。結果顯示,各處理果皮CCI於10至11月由負轉為正值,其中網室中剪組轉色最早,11月CCI達1.59且12月及翌年1月CCI顯著優於其他處理。黃水晶金柑果實總可溶性固形物含量亦隨果實成熟度增加而提高,且果皮之總可溶性固形物含量顯著高於果肉。黃水晶金柑果實可滴定酸隨果實成熟度增加而下降,但可滴定酸含量集中果肉。無論田間或網室,修剪對果實品質不具明顯差異,但田間栽培顯著使黃水晶成熟果糖度、酸度及糖酸比皆顯著高於網室栽培果實。不同栽培環境下,修剪對黃水晶成熟果之自由基清除率、總黃酮及總酚含量不具明顯差異。但田間栽培對增加果肉自由基清除率與類黃酮含量有利,同時田間栽培可使果皮及果肉總酚含量較網室栽培為高。綜言之,黃水晶金柑果實果皮總可溶性固形物較高且可滴定酸較低,連皮全果食用,風味更佳且可攝取各類抗氧化成分,對促進人體健康有益。田間栽培對促進果實品質、轉色及抗氧化成分有利,然宜蘭冬季多雨,觀察網室有助於降低果實成熟階段落果及裂果,明顯增加鮮果生產收益,惟確切效益仍待後續試驗證實。 |
| 英文摘要 | This study evaluated ten-year-old 'Tainung No.1 Citrine' kumquat (Fortunella crassifolia Swingle) trees in an orchard located in Jiaoxi, Yilan County. The aim was to determine how medium pruning (removal of one-quarter of the canopy) and heavy pruning (removal of one-half of the canopy) under open-field versus net-house cultivation affect fruit quality and antioxidant capacity. Four treatments were implemented in a randomized design, each with five single-tree replicates: open-field medium pruning (YF-m), open-field heavy pruning (YF-h), net-house medium pruning (YN-m), and net-house heavy pruning (YN-h). During the 2023-2024 fruiting season, fruit samples were collected every four weeks to measure various parameters, including peel color (using the citrus color index, CCI), total soluble solids (°Brix), titratable acidity (%), sugar-acid ratio, DPPH radical-scavenging activity, total flavonoid content, and total phenolic content. In October, the CCI values were still negative but shifted to positive in November. The net-house medium-pruned trees (YN-m) exhibited the earliest and highest CCI value (1.59) in November and maintained significantly better color development through December and January. Total soluble solids increased with fruit maturity, with the peel consistently showing higher °Brix values than the pulp. Although titratable acidity decreased as the fruits matured, it was concentrated in the pulp, resulting in stronger pulp acidity. Regardless of whether grown in the field or in a net-house, pruning has no significant effect on fruit quality; however, the open-field cultivation environment produces ripe fruits with significantly higher sugar content (°Brix), acidity, and sugar-acid ratio than those grown in a net-house. Pruning did not significantly affect the free radical scavenging rate, total flavonoid content, or total phenolic content of mature 'Tainung No.1 Citrine' kumquat fruits under either open-field or net-house cultivation. However, field-grown fruits demonstrated greater pulp radical-scavenging capacity and flavonoid content, along with higher levels of phenolics in both the peel and pulp compared to net-house fruits. In conclusion, 'Tainung No.1 Citrine' kumquat peels contain relatively high total soluble solids and relatively low titratable acidity. Eating the whole fruit, peel included, enhances flavor and provides a range of antioxidants that are beneficial to human health. ample sunlight in open-field cultivation improves coloration and antioxidant accumulation. Field cultivation promotes fruit quality, color development, and antioxidant content. However, Yilan's rainy winters mean that using net houses helps reduce fruit drop and cracking during ripening, significantly increasing fresh fruit production revenue, although the exact benefits still require confirmation through further trials. |
本系統中英文摘要資訊取自各篇刊載內容。