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| 題 名 | 昆蟲蛻皮激素合成的新觀點:糖代謝功能的探索=A New Perspective on Insect Ecdysteroid Biosynthesis: Exploring the Role of Sugar Metabolism |
|---|---|
| 作 者 | 顧世紅; | 書刊名 | 臺灣昆蟲 |
| 卷 期 | 45:3 2025.09[民114.09] |
| 頁 次 | 頁61-78 |
| 分類號 | 387.7 |
| 關鍵詞 | 促前胸腺激素; 家蠶類胰島素肽; 蛻皮激素; 訊號傳導路徑; 代謝; 家蠶; PTTH; Bombyxin; Ecdysteroid; Signaling pathway; Metabolism; Bombyx mori; |
| 語 文 | 中文(Chinese) |
| DOI | 10.6662/TESFE.202509_45(3).001 |
| 中文摘要 | 昆蟲在幼蟲期的生長、發育與變態主要受前胸腺 (prothoracic glands) 分泌的蛻皮激素 (molting hormone 或 ecdysteroid) 及咽側體 (corpora allata) 分泌的青春激素 (juvenile hormone) 調控。傳統形態學研究已證實,腦神經分泌細胞 (neurosecretory cells) 所合成的促前 胸腺激素 (prothoracicotropic hormone, PTTH) 為刺激蛻皮激素合成的關鍵因子。類胰島素肽 (insulin-like peptides, ILPs,在家蠶又稱為 bombyxin) 所介導的營養訊號也能直接作用於前胸 腺,參與蛻皮激素合成的調控。儘管前胸腺體積極小,但其細胞內由 PTTH 及 bombyxin 激活的 訊號傳導網絡 (signaling transduction network) 卻極為複雜,長期以來一直是昆蟲內分泌學研 究的重要課題,也是筆者三十多年來持續深入探索的主題。PTTH 通過與細胞膜上的受體酪氨酸激 酶 (receptor tyrosine kinase) Torso 結合,啟動下游激酶級聯反應 (signaling cascade) (如 Ras/Raf/ERK 途徑等),bombyxin 則透過與胰島素受體結合及激活下游的訊息分子 PI3K/Akt 等 刺激前胸腺。筆者最新研究進一步揭示,PTTH 及 bombyxin 活化的訊號分子能直接調控糖轉運 蛋白的表達,並提升海藻糖酶 (trehalase) 的活性,從而促進葡萄糖之供應及代謝,驅動蛻皮激素 合成與分泌的提升。本實驗室首次提出的「PTTH 及 bombyxin 訊號分子與糖代謝直接耦合」的創 新觀點,為蛻皮激素合成之調控機制提供了全新見解。本報告將系統闡述 PTTH 及 bombyxin 的 訊號傳導路徑,並深入探討其與糖代謝的分子關聯,以揭示昆蟲發育調控的關鍵生理機制。 |
| 英文摘要 | Insect larval growth, development, and metamorphosis are primarily regulated by ecdysteroids (molting hormones) secreted from the prothoracic gland and juvenile hormones secreted from the corpora allata. Traditional morphological studies have confirmed that prothoracicotropic hormone (PTTH), synthesized by neurosecretory cells in the brain, is a key factor stimulating ecdysteroid synthesis. Nutritional signals mediated by insulin-like peptides (ILPs, known as bombyxin in the silkworm) can also directly act on the prothoracic gland, participating in the regulation of ecdysteroid synthesis. Although the prothoracic gland of the silkworm is small, the intracellular signaling networks activated by PTTH and bombyxin are remarkably complex. This complexity has made it a central topic in insect endocrinology and the focus of my research for over three decades. PTTH binds to the receptor tyrosine kinase Torso on the cell membrane to activate downstream kinase cascades such as the Ras/Raf/ERK pathway, while bombyxin stimulates the prothoracic gland by activating the insulin receptor and downstream signaling molecules like PI3K/Akt. My latest research further reveals that the signaling molecules activated by PTTH and bombyxin directly regulate the expression of sugar transporters and enhance trehalase activity, thereby promoting glucose supply and metabolism, which drives ecdysteroid synthesis and secretion. The innovative concept of “direct coupling between PTTH/bombyxin signaling and sugar metabolism,” first proposed by my laboratory, provides new insights into the regulatory mechanism of ecdysteroid synthesis. This report systematically explains the PTTH and bombyxin signaling pathways and explores their molecular relationship with sugar metabolism to reveal key physiological mechanisms controlling insect development. |
本系統中英文摘要資訊取自各篇刊載內容。