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| 題 名 | 路德維希.里斯的史學理論及其歷史背景=The Historical Theory of Ludwig Riess and Its Historical Background |
|---|---|
| 作 者 | 陳致宏; | 書刊名 | 新史學 |
| 卷 期 | 36:4 2025.12[民114.12] |
| 頁 次 | 頁213-279 |
| 分類號 | 601.94 |
| 關鍵詞 | 歷史理論; 德國歷史主義; 路德維希.里斯; 蘭克; 朵伊森; 新蘭克學派; Historical theory; German historicism; Ludwig Riess; Leopold von Ranke; Johann Gustav Droysen; Neo-Rankean school; |
| 語 文 | 中文(Chinese) |
| 中文摘要 | 本文探討德國猶太裔史家路德維希.里斯(Ludwig Riess, 1861-1928)史學理論的內容及其發展的學術史背景。里斯曾在東京帝國大學任教15年(1887-1902),對日本史學的現代化有重大貢獻。他在日本工作期間開始構思自己的史學理論,回到德國後將其進一步發展,並在1912年出版《歷史知識理論》(Historik)。本文試圖以日本和德國的史學發展作為背景,探討里斯史學理論的特色,以及蘭克(Leopold von Ranke, 1795-1886)和朵伊森(Johann Gustav Droysen, 1808-1884)對此的影響。本文第一章討論當代東亞和西方史學界對里斯的觀感;第二章介紹里斯的生平與學術經歷;第三章進一步探討他在日本教學與研究工作的細節,並論證里斯的日本經驗是他發展史學理論的動機;第四章探討里斯史學理論的特色,特別是他與上一輩史家的異同;第五章著重分析里斯史學理論中最具特色的「系統論」,藉此說明里斯將人物性格的掌握和描寫視為史家最重要的任務;第六章介紹里斯所屬「新蘭克學派」的特色與立場,並說明他與此學派其他史家的異同。本文的論點是,里斯非常推崇蘭克對歷史人物性格的描寫功力,但蘭克並未撰寫自己的歷史理論。里斯受朵伊森啟發而建構一套自己的史學理論,藉此系統性地闡釋前者心目中的蘭克史學,以捍衛德國歷史主義史學對偉大人物的重視,並抗拒以社會結構和集體心理為重點的史學新潮流。 |
| 英文摘要 | This paper examines the historical theory of German-Jewish historian Ludwig Riess (1861-1928) and its intellectual origins. Riess taught at Tokyo Imperial University for fifteen years (1887-1902), playing a key role in modernizing Japanese historiography. He began formulating his historical theory during his time in Japan, further developed it after returning to Germany, and published Historik, his most important theoretical work, in 1912. This paper explores Riess's historical theories against the background of historiographical developments in Japan and Germany, particularly the influence of Leopold von Ranke (1795-1886) and Johann Gustav Droysen (1808-1884). The first section discusses contemporary perceptions of Riess among East Asian and Western historians. The second introduces Riess's life and academic career. The third examines his research and teaching in Japan, arguing that this experience motivated the development of his historical theory. The fourth section explores the characteristics of Riess's historical theory, particularly its similarities and differences from his teachers. The fifth analyzes Systematik, the most distinctive element of Riess's historical theory, showing how he considered understanding historical figures' personal character the historian's central task. The sixth section analyzes the characteristics of the "Neo-Rankean School" to which Riess belonged, clarifying his relationship to other historians in this tradition. The paper argues that Riess greatly admired Ranke's skill in portraying the personal characters of historical figures but recognized that Ranke never articulated his own theoretical framework. Inspired by Droysen, Riess constructed a systematic historical theory to interpret Ranke's historiography and defend German Historicism's emphasis on great individuals against newer historiographical trends that prioritized social structures and collective psychology. |
本系統中英文摘要資訊取自各篇刊載內容。