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| 題 名 | 歷史制度論觀點的墨西哥農村再生與觀光:「魔幻農村計畫」=A Historical Institutionalism Perspective on Rural Regeneration and Tourism in Mexico: "Pueblos Mágicos" |
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| 作 者 | 徐胤承; 楊名豪; | 書刊名 | 問題與研究 |
| 卷 期 | 64:2 2025.06[民114.06] |
| 頁 次 | 頁97-151 |
| 分類號 | 992.1 |
| 關鍵詞 | 歷史制度論; 觀光政策; 墨西哥; 農村再生; 地方創生; Historical institutionalism; Tourism policy; Mexico; Rural rejuvenation; Regional revitalization; |
| 語 文 | 中文(Chinese) |
| DOI | 10.30390/ISC.202506_64(2).0003 |
| 中文摘要 | 本文擬以「歷史制度論」嘗試回答以下的研究課題:「墨西哥的觀光導向農村再生模式為何形成?其中又有何特殊之處?」繼則闡述:就行動者來說,由於該國政府在歷史進程上長期以國家之力主導旅遊業,並爭取全方位地提升旅遊吸引力,包括從無到有,打造類似阿卡普爾科(西班牙文:Acapulco)與坎昆(西班牙文:Cancún)經驗的新興城市,故能在全球觀光體系內,扮演著旅遊舞臺的鋪設者角色,進而廣受世人矚目,無形之中致使所謂「路徑依賴」(path dependence)於焉產生。嗣再迎來接受新自由主義(neoliberalism)思潮洗禮以降的結構改變,使該國雖賡續仰賴以旅遊充做解決城鄉差距問題的攻略手段,但嘗試依循去中心化治理模式,進一步形成新的觀光政策。此後該國農村功能逐漸朝向多樣化演化,除不再單純具生產糧食作用外,反倒將重點置放於提供北美國家的入境觀光平臺,而且持續維持後者穩定成長的動機,甚至大於針對前者的需求。最後,歷經國家主導旅遊產業發展,以及新自由主義去中心化觀光政策磨合的墨西哥,造就了獨樹一格的「魔幻農村計畫」(西班牙文:pueblos mágicos),可謂其來有自。 |
| 英文摘要 | This paper employs a historical institutionalism framework to address the research question: What accounts for the formation of Mexico's tourism-oriented rural revitalization model, and what are its distinctive features? It then seeks to elucidate the following points: the Mexican government has historically taken a state-led approach to tourism development, striving to enhance the country's appeal as a global destination in a comprehensive manner. This has included the creation of entirely new cities, such as Acapulco and Cancún, as flagship examples of successful tourist hubs. By fulfilling the role of stage-setter within the global tourism system, Mexico has garnered significant international attention, inadvertently fostering a form of "path dependence." Subsequent to the advent of neoliberalism, the country continued to rely on tourism as a strategic tool to address urban-rural disparities. However, it also began experimenting with decentralized governance models, gradually shaping a new approach to tourism policy. Over time, rural areas in Mexico evolved toward functional diversification, transitioning from a focus solely on food production to prioritizing their role as platforms for inbound tourism, particularly for visitors from North America. Ultimately, the interplay between the state-led development of the tourism industry and the adoption of neoliberal, decentralized policies gave rise to Mexico's unique "Pueblos Mágicos" program. |
本系統中英文摘要資訊取自各篇刊載內容。