頁籤選單縮合
| 題 名 | 放於中流的傳統:近代四川學者吳之英的學術、思想與心態=Amidst the Currents of Tradition: The Scholarship, Thought, and Mentality of Modern Sichuan Scholar Wu Zhiying |
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| 作 者 | 左潤東; | 書刊名 | 經學研究集刊 |
| 卷 期 | 38 2025.05[民114.05] |
| 頁 次 | 頁209-237 |
| 分類號 | 112 |
| 關鍵詞 | 吳之英; 漢宋之爭; 蜀學; 封建論; 經學; 清代; Wu Zhiying; The debate between Han and Song scholarship; Shu studies; Feudalism debate; Classical studies of confucian studies; Qing Dynast; |
| 語 文 | 中文(Chinese) |
| 中文摘要 | 道、咸以後,漢學專制權勢有所鬆動,各種「邊緣學問」乘勢而起,傳統的漢學也被要 求具備更強的「經世」特徵。這種「新學」氛圍較早發生在蜀地,吳之英就是在此氛圍中成 長起來的一位學者。他主張回到兩漢的「漢儒之學」,以注疏之學推求經書大義;同時又不 言漢宋、不分今古,避免依傍門戶的「奴隸之學」,以「事理」衡量學問。他希望解決的問 題,是清王朝面臨的「中衰」困境。在吳之英對歷史週期的感知與體會和對清朝具體問題的 觀察中,清王朝行至中世面臨的已經是一體制性的問題,應回歸「法意」,將「立法」的精 神融匯進制度的因革損益當中,從而掃除「積弊」,實現一整體的秩序變遷。他的具體制度 構想,是在沿海地區實行封建而內地郡縣,在他的這套構想中,兼顧了「風俗」的移易與理 性的軍事舉措。只是由於戰事的緊迫帶來的焦慮情緒,其中有些內容已與儒學的本意發生疏 離。然而,在戊戌變法中他的構想並未被採納,此後發生的一系列變革又給了他沉重的打 擊。「經學」的氛圍已然失去,他雖仍在以在學堂教書等新形式努力保存「國粹」,自己卻也 在晚年放棄了作為生活與思想方式的經學,投向了佛教的懷抱。難以給吳之英一個「新」或 「舊」評價的背後,是「傳統中變」與中西學戰兩條脈絡纏結的複雜。通過觀察吳之英的思 想與行動,不僅可以更為細緻地體會當時學人的心態,對理解西潮衝擊的是怎樣一個多元且 變化的中國、中學與西學在近代變革中扮演的角色,同樣有所裨益。 |
| 英文摘要 | After the Dao and Xian periods, Han scholarship's dominance waned, paving the way for "marginal studies" and a push for more practical traditional learning. Wu Zhiying, a scholar from the Shu region, advocated for a return to Han Confucian studies, focusing on classical annotations to understand the essence of scriptures. He rejected sectarianism and measured knowledge by "reason and principle," aiming to address the Qing dynasty's mid-decline crisis. Wu perceived systemic issues within the Qing, advocating for a return to "legal intent" and integrating legislative spirit into institutional reforms to eliminate malpractices and achieve orderly change.His institutional vision included feudalism in coastal areas and a county system inland, balancing cultural shifts with rational military strategies. However, the urgency of war led to some ideas straying from Confucian principles. Wu's proposals were ignored during the Wuxu Reform, and subsequent changes deeply affected him. Despite efforts to preserve "national essence" through teaching, he eventually abandoned Confucianism for Buddhism in his later years. Wu's complex legacy reflects the intertwined dynamics of traditional change and the encounter between Chinese and Western learning, offering insights into the diverse and evolving Chinese response to Western influence during modern transformations. |
本系統中英文摘要資訊取自各篇刊載內容。