頁籤選單縮合
| 題 名 | 清末海權興起與中葡澳門勘界爭議=The Rise of China's Awareness of Maritime Power in the Late Qing Dynasty and the Dispute between China and Portugal in Macau |
|---|---|
| 作 者 | 許峰源; | 書刊名 | 海洋文化學刊 |
| 卷 期 | 36 2024.06[民113.06] |
| 頁 次 | 頁27-49 |
| 分類號 | 641.4 |
| 關鍵詞 | 清末; 中葡關係; 澳門; 界址; 海權; Late Qing Dynasty; Sino-Portuguese relations; Macao; Boundary location; Awareness of maritime power; |
| 語 文 | 中文(Chinese) |
| 中文摘要 | 自16 世紀以降,葡萄牙不斷在澳門擴張活動的範疇,及至鴉片戰爭之後,奪 取當地海關管轄權。1887 年,清政府與葡萄牙簽訂《中葡和好通商條約》,在澳門 開徵鴉片稅收,用以增加國庫的收入,卻允許葡萄牙永駐管理澳門及屬澳之地, 成為葡萄牙勢力擴張的憑藉,也導致兩國界務衝突層出不窮。至20 世紀初,隨著 清政府海權意識的興起,相繼與葡萄牙衍生船隻在鄰近海域越界爭議,雙方劍拔 弩張,最後中葡兩國決定勘查澳門界址,希望化解衝突。 從1909 年7 月至11 月,中葡勘界會議歷經9 次談判,外務部堅守鄰近澳門 島嶼主權,倘若島嶼劃歸葡萄牙,可依照島嶼擁有領海3 海里規範,坐擁澳門周 邊海域管理權。該次會議關係澳門及周邊島嶼主權,牽涉清政府與葡萄牙競爭海 域管轄權,中葡雙方經歷幾個月的討論,最後仍舊缺乏共識戛然而止,但仍不失 為一次值得考察的歷史事件。 |
| 英文摘要 | Since the 16th century, Portugal had expanded its presence in Macau and begun to seize the jurisdiction of Macau Customs during the Opium War. In 1887, China and Portugal signed the Sino-Portuguese Peace and Trade Treaty.While this agreement aimed to increase national treasury revenue by imposing opium taxes in Macau, This also allowed Portugal to permanently garrison and administer Macau and its territories, serving the basis for the expansion of Portuguese power and fueling ongoing border disputes between the two nations. This situationextended well into the early 20th century concurrent with China's rising awareness of maritime rights, and heightened attention to the sovereignty of islands and management of surrounding waters. A dispute with Portugal regarding ships crossing the boundary in nearby waters drastically intensified the relationship between the two sides and almost led to a war. Ultimately, China and Portugal decided to collaborate to delineate the boundaries of Macau and clarify various issues, hoping to resolve various conflicts and avoid the outbreak of war. From July to November 1909, China and Portugal engaged in nine rounds of negotiations regarding Macau's boundary demarcation. The Ministry of Foreign Affairs insist on China’a sovereignty over the Macau Island and the jurisdiction over its surrounding waters. If Macau was demarcated andgiven to Portugal, Portugal would be granted the control over Macau's surrounding waters, as stipulated by the three-nautical-mile territorial limit.. Since the meeting concerned the sovereignty of Macau, its surrounding islands and maritime areas, directly involving the competition between the Qing government and Portugal for maritime jurisdiction, both China and Portugal approached the matter cautiously. After several months of discussions, the negotiations ended without reaching a consensus. Despite the lack of a resolution, this remains a significant historical event worth investigation. |
本系統中英文摘要資訊取自各篇刊載內容。