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頁籤選單縮合
題 名 | 預防接種受害救濟制度實務常見問題解析=Clarifications of Misconceptions Regarding Vaccine Injury Compensation Program in Taiwan |
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作 者 | 林詠青; | 書刊名 | 疫情報導 |
卷 期 | 36:21 2020.11.10[民109.11.10] |
頁 次 | 頁340-350 |
分類號 | 412.42 |
關鍵詞 | 預防接種不良事件; 預防接種受害救濟; 疫苗安全; 因果關聯性; Adverse events follow immunization; Vaccine injury compensation program; Vaccine safety; Causality; |
語 文 | 中文(Chinese) |
中文摘要 | 臺灣預防接種受害救濟制度自1988年實施運作至今已逾30年,然醫療人員與第一線公衛人員對不良事件、不良反應及副作用之定義,及預防接種受害救濟制度申請要件及流程之認識,仍有進步的空間。 預防接種不良事件係指與接種疫苗間有時序相關的個人健康負面影響事件,但不一定存在因果關聯性,監測目的在持續評估疫苗之安全性。預防接種受害救濟之目的則為使因預防接種而致死傷之民眾,能經專業審議,快速獲得合理救濟,以及降低醫護人員面對接種民眾之壓力,並由國家負無過失補償責任。 受害救濟申請資格限於民眾本人或母體疑因預防接種而受害者,或為死亡個案之法定繼承人。受理疫苗範圍則為領有中央主管機關核發許可證或專案核准進口,並經檢驗或書面審查合格者。是否為自費疫苗、適應症外使用(off-label use)、因他人過失所致、已獲其他賠償或補償,或為暴露後預防接種,皆不影響申請資格。經審議不予救濟的情形包括:受害情形與預防接種無關;屬常見、輕微之可預期的不良反應;受害情形為轉化症或其他因心理因素所致,以及非因預防接種目的使用疫苗所致之受害情形。 預防接種受害救濟需要臨床醫療人員與第一線公衛人員的配合,才能實現創設制度的目的。中央主管機關須持續溝通與宣導,方能使制度發揮最大功效。 |
英文摘要 | The Vaccine Injury Compensation Program (VICP) in Taiwan has been in operation for more than 30 years since 1988. However, healthcare professionals and first-line public health personnel have limited knowledge regarding definitions of adverse events, adverse reactions and side effects, as well as the application criteria and procedure. Adverse events following immunization are any untoward medical occurrence after immunization, regardless of a causal relationship with the usage of the vaccine. The purpose of surveillance of these events is to evaluate vaccine safety continuously. On the other hand, the purposes of VICP are to provide timely compensation for vaccination-related injured individuals based on reviews by expert committee, to reduce pressure on healthcare professionals while performing immunization, and to allocate the responsibility of non-fault compensation to the government. Eligible claimants of VICP are alleged victims suffered from injuries related to vaccination or maternal immunization, or legal heirs of the deceased victim. The scope of vaccination covers qualified vaccines by testing or document review, with official permit or special approval for importation. Conditions such as self-paid vaccination, off-label use, injuries incurred by others’ negligence, having received compensation for the same basis and fact, and post-exposure prophylaxis vaccination do not influence the eligibility of VICP application. Situations of declined compensation include injuries unrelated to vaccination, common, mild and expected adverse reactions, injuries due to conversion disorder or other psychological factors, and injuries related to use of vaccines not for immunization purpose. Cooperation and implementation by healthcare professional and first-line public health personnel are essential to fulfill the purposes of VICP. Sustaining communication and promotion by the central competent authorities are needed to maximize the effects of the program. |
本系統中英文摘要資訊取自各篇刊載內容。