頁籤選單縮合
| 題 名 | 雲林地區甘藷病蟲害之健康管理=Healthy Management on Diseases and Insect Pests of Sweet Potato, Ipomoea batatas (L.) Lam. in Yunlin Area, Taiwan |
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| 作 者 | 黃啟鐘; 吳建勳; | 書刊名 | 宜蘭大學生物資源學刊 |
| 卷 期 | 15 2019.12[民108.12] |
| 頁 次 | 頁55-76 |
| 分類號 | 434.318 |
| 關鍵詞 | 甘藷; 健康管理; 病害; 害蟲; Ipomoea batatas; Healthy management; Diseases; Insect pests; |
| 語 文 | 中文(Chinese) |
| 中文摘要 | 本研究在雲林縣水林鄉實施春、秋作甘藷(Ipomoea batatas)病蟲害之健康管理,以台農57、台農66及台農72號品種為試驗植材。試驗田劃分為健康管理與對照區。在兩試驗區以黃色黏紙誘得主要害蟲成蟲高峰期及其棲群密度,分別為粉蝨科(Aleyrodidae)於春作5月中旬,達270.2與190.8隻/片,以及秋作10月上旬與中旬,達263.0與231.4隻/片;葉蟬科(Cicadellidae)於春作3月下旬與5月中旬,達61.4與99.2隻/片,以及秋作11月中旬與下旬,達93.6與81.1隻/片;薊馬科(Thripidae)於春作5月中旬,達68.2與69.1隻/片,以及秋作10月上旬,達525.7與457.3隻/片。在兩試驗區以黃色黏紙誘得捕食與寄生性天敵成蟲高峰期,分別為瓢蟲科(Coccinellidae)於春作5月中旬,達3.2與2.1隻/片,以及秋作12月下旬,達6.3與6.0隻/片;小繭蜂科(Braconidae)於春作6月上旬,達3.9與7.3隻/片,以及秋作11月中旬,達24.0與16.5隻/片;寄生蠅科(Tachinidae)於春作7月中旬與4月下旬,達2.2與1.9隻/片,以及秋作11月中旬,達37.1與36.8隻/片。在兩試驗區以斜紋夜蛾(Spodoptera litura)性費洛蒙中改式誘蟲器誘得雄蟲高峰期,分別為春作6月上旬,達702.5與1,203.0隻/支,以及秋作11月下旬,達1,822.0與1,840.5隻/支;另以以甘藷蟻象(Cylas formicarius)性費洛蒙誘蟲器誘得雄蟲高峰期,分別為春作4月中旬與8月上旬,達414.5與587.0隻/支,以及秋作11月下旬,達183.5與252.5隻/支。在藷苗插植後5.5個月,解剖塊根上甘藷蟻象之蟲數,皆以對照區台農66號品種較多,分別為春作42.0隻/m^2與秋作20.0隻/m^2,而塊根上甘藷蟻象之危害率亦以對照區台農66號品種較高,分別為春作17.6%與秋作6.7%。至於春作塊根上白絹病僅發生於對照區,三品種之罹病率介於1.5-2.0%,而秋作塊根上白絹病於兩試驗區均有發現,其中以台農57號品種之罹病率較高,分別為30.0與13.3%;惟基腐病僅發生於春作對照區之台農57號品種,其罹病率為3.3%。兩期作之塊根數皆以健康管理區較多,分別為春作台農72號品種之27.3個/m^2與秋作台農66號品種之35.7個/m^2;而塊根重以秋作健康管理區台農66與台農57號品種較重,達7,643.3與5,013.3 g/m^2。 |
| 英文摘要 | Three varieties of sweet potato ( Ipomoea batatas), TNG 57, TNG 66 and TNG 72, were planted at Shuilin township, Yunlin County in the way of the healthy management for diseases and insect pests. The experimental field was divided into the healthy management and control plots. The yellow sticky papers and sex pheromone-baited traps were used to survey adult densities and peak period of insect pests and nature enemies in the spring and autumn seasons. By using yellow sticky papers in both healthy management and control plots, the results showed that the peak period of Aleyrodidae insect pests of two plots in spring cropping were both in mid-May, and the number adults were respectively 270.2 and 190.8/paper. In autumn cropping, these peak periods of insect pests were in early-October and mid-October, and the number adults were respectively 263.0 and 231.4/paper. The peak periods of Cicadellidae insect pests from the two plots in spring cropping were in late-March and mid-May, and the number of adults were respectively 61.4 and 99.2/paper. In autumn cropping, these peak periods of insect pests were in mid-November and late-November, and the number of adults were respectively 93.6 and 81.1/paper. For the Thripidae insect pests, in spring cropping the peak periods were both in mid-May, and the number of adults were respectively 68.2 and 69.1/paper. In autumn cropping, these peak periods were both in early-October, and the number of adults were respectively 525.7 and 457.3/paper. In the two plots, yellow sticky papers were used to investigate the peak periods of natural enemies, and it was found that the numbers of Coccinellidae predators in spring cropping were respectively 3.2 and 2.1/paper in mid-May, and in autumn cropping these were respectively 6.3 and 6.0/paper in late-December. The numbers of Braconidae parasitoids in spring cropping were respectively 3.9 and 7.3/paper in early-June. In autumn cropping, these were respectively 24.0 and 16.5/paper in mid-November. The numbers of Tachinidae parasitoids in spring cropping were respectively 2.2 and 1.9/paper in mid-July and late-April, and in autumn cropping these were respectively 37.1 and 36.8/paper in mid-November. By using sex pheromone-baited traps of Spodoptera litura in both plots, the results showed that the peak periods in spring cropping were both in early-June, and the number adults were respectively 702.5 and 1,203.0/trap. In autumn cropping, these were both in late- November, and the number adults were respectively 1,822.0 and 1,840.5/trap. By using sex pheromone-baited traps of Cylas formicarius in both plots, the results showed that the peak periods in spring cropping were in mid-April and early-August, and the number adults were respectively 414.5 and 587.0/trap. In autumn cropping, these were both in late-November, and the number adults were respectively 183.5 and 252.5/trap. After 5.5 months of growing in spring and autumn cropping, per 1 m × 1 m of sweet potato roots were sampled, and it showed that the number of C. formicarius of TNG 66 in the control plot had the highest yield, which were respectively 42.0 and 20.0/m^2, and the damaged roots was the highest, which were respectively 17.6 and 6.7%. The infested rates of southern blight (Sclerotium rolfsii) of three sweet potato varieties in spring cropping in the control plot were between 1.5-2.0%, and in autumn cropping TNG 57 was the highest, which were respectively 30.0 and 13.3%. As for the infested rate of foot rot disease (Phomopsis destruens) of sweet potato, it was only found on TNG 57 in spring cropping in the control plot, which was 3.3%. The number of sweet potato roots in the healthy management plot, was higher than that in the control plot. In spring cropping of TNG 72 was 27.3/m^2, and in autumn cropping of TNG 66 was 35.7/m^2. The sweet potato root of TNG 66 and TNG 57 in the healthy management plot in autumn cropping was the highest, which were 7,643.3 and 5,013.3 g/m^2. |
本系統中英文摘要資訊取自各篇刊載內容。