頁籤選單縮合
題 名 | 多重抗藥性結核病之快速檢測效益初探=Preliminary Analysis of Timely Diagnosis of Multidrug-Resistant Tuberculosis Using a Streamlined Molecular Diagnostic Process |
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作 者 | 江亭誼; 黃偉倫; 范芯芫; 曾昭傑; 周如文; | 書刊名 | 疫情報導 |
卷 期 | 33:5 2017.03.14[民106.03.14] |
頁 次 | 頁31+90-99 |
分類號 | 415.2773 |
關鍵詞 | 結核病; 多重抗藥性結核病; 分子快速檢測工具; Tuberculosis; Multidrug-resistant; TB; Molecular diagnostics; |
語 文 | 中文(Chinese) |
中文摘要 | 疾病管制署臺北區管制中心的統計資料顯示,大臺北地區2015年1至8月桿菌性痢疾(shigellosis)確診案件共20案,高於過去三年平均的4.7案。其中15案有人類免疫缺乏病毒 (human immunodeficiency virus, HIV) 感染病史,且HIV感染危險因子皆為不安全的男男間性行為 (men who have sex with men, MSM)。然大臺北地區過去尚未發現桿菌性痢疾確診個案同時有HIV病史之MSM族群,故針對大臺北地區2015年1至8月桿菌性痢疾確診個案中15名HIV感染者之共病疫情進行分析。研究結果顯示該15名個案中之為青壯年男性、同性性行為者、HIV感染及多合併其他性病感染之比例較高。依據文獻及前述資訊推估感染桿菌性痢疾的傳染途徑可能為不安全性行為(如未做保護措施的肛吻),造成人與人直接接觸之口糞傳染。為有效防制桿菌性痢疾散佈,建議可依不同對象(HIV/AIDS個案、MSM者、性病患者)提供不同的介入措施,提高臨床醫師警覺,改變疫情調查模式及工具,以及加強公衛人員對不同疾病的認知。 |
英文摘要 | People living with human immunodeficiency virus (PLWH) had 29 times higher risk to develop active tuberculosis (TB) than non-HIV infected persons, and TB was still the leading cause of death among PLWH. Collaborative management of TB/HIV had been recommended by WHO that aimed to reduce the burden of TB and HIV co-infection in affected populations. The TB control program in Taiwan endorsed active HIV counseling and testing, or encouraging HIV testing in TB care facilities by public health staff for TB patients aged 15–49 years old of unknown HIV status since June 27, 2013. A total of 3,533 TB patients were eligible during July 2013 to June 2014 after excluding 63 patients who had been identified HIV co-infection before notification of TB disease. We found that 2,664 TB patients (75.4 %) received HIV testing with the increasing trend of testing proportion during the study period. This intervention identified newly diagnosed HIV infected TB patients and referred them to initiate highly active anti-retroviral therapy (HAART) treatment. Among them, up to 89.7% received HAART. The main reasons that patients refused HIV testing were having low risk to get HIV infection (42.3%); and not important to test HIV (36.1%). In the future, we suggest enhancing TB screening in HIV control program and isoniazid preventive therapy (IPT) for PLWH. |
本系統中英文摘要資訊取自各篇刊載內容。