頁籤選單縮合
題 名 | 急性酒癮戒斷之住院治療=Inpatient Treatment of Acute Alcohol Withdrawal Syndrome |
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作 者 | 李欣雅; 陳彥宏; 王治淦; 劉建宏; | 書刊名 | 藥學雜誌 |
卷 期 | 32:4=129 2016.12[民105.12] |
頁 次 | 頁82-86 |
分類號 | 415.8752 |
關鍵詞 | 急性酒精戒斷症狀; 嚴重肝臟疾病; 抗痙攣藥物; Vitamin B1補充; Benzodiazepines; |
語 文 | 中文(Chinese) |
中文摘要 | 急性酒精戒斷症狀可能由輕微的顫抖、焦躁到嚴重的癲癇發作。由於主要為中 樞神經興奮症狀,benzodiazepines 為緩解症狀的首選。對於老年人及嚴重肝臟疾病 的人,lorazepam 及 oxazepam 將會是較佳的選擇。針對頑固性的酒精戒斷症狀則可 再增加 phenobarbital、propofol 或 dexmedetomidine,由於可能會有呼吸抑制及心跳變 慢的副作用,因此,也必須嚴密監視病人的狀態。另外,carbamazepine、valproate、 gabapentin、β-adrenergic antagonists 及 clonidine 也可以用來輔助治療。而電解質異 常、血糖不足、vitamin B1 及葉酸缺乏也應該適時被矯正。 |
英文摘要 | Benzodiazepines are the first choice for acute alcohol withdrawal. Elderly patients or those with significant liver disease may had decreased clearance and increased accumulation of benzodiazepines, and lorazepam and oxazepam may be preferred in these patients. Patients with refractory withdrawal symptoms may require addition of a rescue medication such as phenobarbital, propofol or dexmedetomidine. In addition, anticonvulsants, β-adrenergic antagonists and clonidine may offer additional benefit in select patients but should not be used as monotherapy. Deficiency of serum glucose, electrolytes and volume should be corrected, and vitamin B1, and folic acid should be supplemented for prevent Wernicke's encephalopathy. |
本系統中英文摘要資訊取自各篇刊載內容。