頁籤選單縮合
題名 | 二十世紀初法國婦女選舉權的困境與突破=The Predicament and Breakthrough of French Women's Suffrage in the Early Twentieth Century |
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作者姓名(中文) | 劉文彬; | 書刊名 | 中正歷史學刊 |
卷期 | 19 2016.12[民105.12] |
頁次 | 頁149-202 |
分類號 | 574.4232 |
關鍵詞 | 法國婦女選舉權; 法國女性主義; 法國第三共和信條; 國民議會; Women's suffrage in France; French feminism; Dogma of the Third Republic; National Assembly; |
語文 | 中文(Chinese) |
中文摘要 | 法國婦女的政治權利畫 1848年男性獲得普選權之後開始引起社會的討論,十九世紀後期某些法國女性主義者開始採取行動爭取選舉權,惟因反對勢力強大且未獲社會普遍共識,並無具體成果。一戰後法國政府強調生育主義與婦女的傳統角色,不願提升其政治與社會地位,法國女性爭取選舉權的行動因而受到負面影響。但女性選舉權主義者在兩次大戰期間仍不斷宣揚女性選舉權之重要性,並向國會與行政部門抗爭,社會輿論因此逐漸轉向支持此項權利。為了獎勵法國婦女於一次大戰時對國家的犧牲奉獻,眾議院於一戰之後通過法律草案,擬授予婦女選舉權,卻遭到參議院的強烈反對。二戰導致第三共和崩潰,長期強力杯葛女性選舉權的國會參議院保守勢力亦告瓦解。二戰末期,法國政府再造,為了與第三共和切割以開創政治新局面並順應輿情,政府遂於 1944年通過並公布賦予女性選舉權之法令。 |
英文摘要 | The political rights of French women started to be discussed by the society after 1848 when French men were enfranchised. In the late nineteenth century, some French feminists began to struggle for the right of vote by energetic action. Nevertheless, their efforts were in vain because of the strong opposition from the conservatives and the lack of social consensus. French government so much emphasized the natalism and the traditional role of women after the First World War that it was unwilling to promote women’s social and political status, which resulted in the negative impacts on the acquirement of women’s suffrage. But many feminine suffragists protested so strongly against the Parliament and the Executive departments during the period between the two world wars that the public opinions gradually switched to support their demands. To reward French women’s contribution to the country during the First World War, the Chamber of Deputies passed the propositions of law in favor of women’s right of vote after the war. Nevertheless, the Senate intensely opposed women’s suffrage. The Second World War collapsed the Third Republic and the conservative forces in the Senate. By the end of the Second World War, when French government was under reconstruction, in order to distinguish the new government from the Third Republic, to open a new political situation and to follow the public opinions, the Government decided in 1944 to pass and publicize the edict giving suffrage to French women. |
本系統之摘要資訊系依該期刊論文摘要之資訊為主。