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| 題 名 | 治癌新策略免疫檢查點抑制劑=Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors, the New Strategy Against Cancer |
|---|---|
| 作 者 | 莊峻毅; 林君萍; 張凱光; 吳衿寧; 吳求珍; | 書刊名 | 藥學雜誌 |
| 卷 期 | 32:2=127 2016.06[民105.06] |
| 頁 次 | 頁7-12 |
| 分類號 | 418.29 |
| 關鍵詞 | 免疫檢查點; 免疫檢查點抑制劑; Immune checkpoint; Immune checkpoint inhibitors; |
| 語 文 | 中文(Chinese) |
| 中文摘要 | 免疫系統的T細胞 (T lymphocytes,T cells) 表面存在許多的受體,這些受體依照 與其相對應的配體 (ligand) 結合後的免疫反應而分為兩群,一群為正向的活化免疫系 統之受體 (co-stimulatory receptors) 如 CD28 (cluster of differentiation 28;白血球分化抗 原28)、OX40 (TNF receptor superfamily member 4; TNFRSF4又名CD134)、4-1BB (TNF receptor superfamily 9) 等,另一群為負向的抑制免疫系統之受體 (co-inhibitory receptors) 如 CTLA-4 (cytotoxic T-lymphocyte-associated antigen 4)、PD-1 (programmed cell death 1)、LAG-3 (lymphocyte activation gene 3;又名 CD223) 等,這些調控T細胞免疫反應之 活化或抑制的所有訊號統稱為免疫檢查點 (immune checkpoint)。T細胞上的免疫檢查 點是調控免疫反應的重要機制,藉由活化免疫系統可對抗外來或異體的抗原,以及抑 制免疫系統來維持自我耐受性 (self tolerance) 避免自體免疫傷害,最後維持免疫平衡 (immune homeostasis)1-4。 CTLA-4及 PD-1抑制劑已經開始用於部分癌症之治療,從臨床試驗數據看來效果良 好。2014年唐獎第一屆生技醫藥獎頒發給研究 CTLA-4及 PD-1抑制劑來抗癌的學者艾利 森 (James P. Allison) 與本庶佑 (Tasuku Honjo) 博士,表彰他們在癌症治療上的貢獻。 |
| 英文摘要 | There are a number of known receptors that exist in surface of T cells. Depending on immune responses of the interactions among the receptors and ligands, these receptors are divide into two groups. One group provides positive signals to activate immune system so called co-stimulatory receptors, including CD28, OX40 and 4-1BB. The other group provides negative signals to inhibit immune system so called co-stimulatory receptors, including CTLA-4, PD-1 and LAG-3. These co-stimulatory and inhibitory signals provided by interaction of receptors and ligands are called immune checkpoints. Immune checkpoints are crucial for the maintenance of self-tolerance and also to protect tissues from damage during the immune system responding to pathogenic infection. Finally immune checkpoints can regulate immune system to maintain self tolerance to avoid autoimmune damage and to keep immune homeostasis. CTLA-4 and PD-1 inhibitors have been well used in cancer therapy. The 2014 Tang Prize in Biopharmaceutical Science is awarded to James P. Allison and Tasuku Honjo for their outstanding research of CTLA-4 and PD-1 as immune inhibitory molecules to lead the applications in cancer immunotherapy. |
本系統中英文摘要資訊取自各篇刊載內容。