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題名 | 非洲裂谷盆地油氣潛能評估=Oil and Gas Potential Assessment in the African Rift Basins |
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作者 | 黃富文; 王佳彬; 胡興台; | 書刊名 | 石油季刊 |
卷期 | 52:1 2016.03[民105.03] |
頁次 | 頁95-108 |
分類號 | 457.2 |
關鍵詞 | 油氣潛能; 非洲; 裂谷盆地; Oil and gas potential; Africa; Rift basins; |
語文 | 中文(Chinese) |
中文摘要 | 本研究概述中非裂谷盆地的區域地質及石油地質,並描述裂谷盆地之半地塹構造及其剪切構造。研究結果發現,本區域產油條件優越,且地區僻遠有許多盆地尚未鑽探,以近期發現大油田及大氣田的烏干達Albert 盆地及莫三鼻克Rovuma 盆地深水區為例,Albert 盆地發現大油田的區域,為盆地中半地塹組合,呈現同向雁行排列,並為繼承型的不同時半地塹疊合,這是因為如此可以重疊同張裂沉積的生油岩,並在盆地邊緣有斷塊構造封閉,並在張裂後的盆地漥陷期可以沉積蓋層的緣故。Rovuma 盆地則是在過去的兩億年間位置甚少改變(約40°S 至約20°S),長期為走滑斷層邊緣有多次張裂的記錄,且長期位於被動大陸邊緣沉積Rovuma三角洲,地質上類似Nigeria 三角洲。因此有好的生油岩和多次沉積的沖積扇,近期的壓縮構造運動造成厚層的封閉岩覆蓋,因此成就大氣田。這些裂谷盆地中大油田和大氣田的成因和大地構造上的位置,可以用來選定投標礦區的依據,特別是台灣中油已併購中石油在尼日Agadem 礦區的油田並在民國99 年底在查德的Doba 盆地鑽得原油,本研究更凸顯其重要性。建議在Doba 盆地及Agadem 礦區,同期半地塹,同向組合區鑽探較有成功把握。在取得礦區上,裂谷盆地河流的出口海域礦區因有好的生油岩和儲積岩油氣儲集較為有利。在東非裂谷盆地中Albert 盆地烏干達側已鑽有大油田,對岸剛果側同樣地質的礦區也應有大油田存在應該努力爭取。 |
英文摘要 | This study outlined the regional geology and petroleum geology of African rift basins, and described the half-graben structures in these rift basins. Although these regions have the favorable conditions for the oil and gas production, many basins in remote areas which are not drilled yet are worth studying. This study discussed the geological structure for the recent discoveries of the great oil and gas fields located in the Albert basin (Uganda) and in the Rovuma basin (Mozambique deep water zones). For the Albert basin, it has a large oil field located in the region with the en echelon arranged half grabens. These half grabens have superimposed deposition of source rocks, and have fault blocks at the edge of the basin with seal rocks deposition in the stage of basin depression additionally. In the past 200 million years, the Rovuma basin remains the same position of the latitude approximately 40° S to 20° S. The edge of its long strike-slip fault shows multiple fractures from the records, and it is located in the passive continental margin of Rovuma delta. Its geological structure is similar to Nigeria Delta one. The multiply-deposited alluvial fans, good source rock, and the recent compression tectonic movement caused a thick layer covered by closed rocks, so as to form large gas fields. The causes and tectonic positions of these rift basins and the oil/gas fields can be used f as the reference to select tender concessions. CPC Taiwan is ready to merger and acquire the Agadem oil fields in Niger At the end of 2010, CPC Taiwan successfully drilled the crude oil in Doba basin (Chad) which can highlight the importance of this study. We suggest that in the Doba basin and in the Agadem concession, the synchronical syndip half-grabens have higher possibilities for the successful drilling. On the offshore area at the river mouth of the rift basin, the river deposits good quality source rocks and reservoir rocks which is favorable for oil and gas forming. In the east Africa rift basin, the Uganda side of the Albert basin was found with a lot of oil. The other side of the Albert basin in Congo has the same geological conditions that should have the presence of oil as well. |
本系統之摘要資訊系依該期刊論文摘要之資訊為主。