查詢結果分析
來源資料
頁籤選單縮合
題 名 | 溶劑去瀝青質技術應用於殘渣油改質探討=Survey of Solvent Deasphalting Technologies Applied to Residue Upgrading |
---|---|
作 者 | 陳厚岑; 林棕斌; 顏炳文; 張志成; 賴宗成; | 書刊名 | 石油季刊 |
卷 期 | 52:2 2016.06[民105.06] |
頁 次 | 頁89-101 |
分類號 | 457.99 |
關鍵詞 | 瀝青質; 殘渣油改質; 溶劑去瀝青質; 超臨界流體萃取; Asphaltene; Residue upgrading; Solvent deasphalting; Supercritical fluid extraction; |
語 文 | 中文(Chinese) |
中文摘要 | 溶劑去瀝青質技術的發展可回溯至1950 年代,當時美國、蘇聯等國利用超臨界丙烷去除殘渣油中的瀝青質及金屬如釩、鎳等,以降低後段煉製過程中觸媒的失活程度。但因涉及成本考量,並未大規模應用。近幾年來,由於原油品質趨向高硫化與重質化,上述不純物存在於常壓蒸餾塔底或減壓蒸餾塔塔底物流的含量已影響到後續製程設備的穩定操作與歲修週期,且因市場供應與環保等因素,要求石油產品輕質化,尤其是以低硫燃料油取代高硫燃料,都讓以溶劑去瀝青質技術做為殘渣油改質方法,來生產裂解進料或加氫脫硫進料又逐漸受到重視。而在能源價格高漲與法規日益嚴格的限制下,此技術的開發應用在能耗、產率及操作彈性上皆有大幅度的進步。本文彙整三種已商業化或具發展潛力之溶劑去瀝青質技術,概述其程序流程,並就操作條件、產品品質及經濟成本等因素進行探討與比較,藉由瞭解該技術提升殘渣油改質領域的優點,或進一步將其應用至油漿與油槽底泥加工處理,可作為國內石油產業煉製結構改善之參考。 |
英文摘要 | The development of solvent deasphalting (SDA) can be traced back to 1950s in the United States, the Soviet Union or other countries. In order to eliminate catalyst deactivation in the backend of refinery process, the removal of asphaltenes and metals such as vanadium, nickel and etc. in the heavy oil with supercritical propane is performed. But due to the cost concerns, SDA technologies have not been applied extensively. Because the crude oil tends to be more sour and heavier in recent years, the amounts of above-mentioned impurities in the atmospheric tower bottoms (ATB) or vacuum residue (VR) have affected the stability operation and the annual maintenance period of the existing refinery equipment. Besides, due to the market supply and environment protection in which the petroleum products are required to be lighter, particularly in high-sulfur fuel replaced by low-sulfur fuel oil, SDA regarded as residuum upgrading method to produce feedstock for cracker and hydrodesulfurization is increasingly important. Furthermore, SDA makes substantial progress in the aspects of energy consumption, yield and process flexibility under the limitations of increasing energy price and more strict laws. The objective of this article is to survey three commercialized or potential SDA technologies in the aspects of process flow, operating condition, product specification and economic cost. By understanding the advantages of increasing residue upgrading margins, or applying it to process slope oil and slope oil furthermore, SDA technology may be regarded as an option to improve the refining process flows of domestic oil industries. |
本系統中英文摘要資訊取自各篇刊載內容。