頁籤選單縮合
題 名 | 建立「國家級溫室氣體研究中心」之組織運作方案評估=Evaluation on Organizational Operating Programs to Establish the "National Greenhouse Gases Research Center" |
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作 者 | 柯文娟; | 書刊名 | 科際整合月刊 |
卷 期 | 1:5 2016.05[民105.05] |
頁 次 | 頁1-21 |
分類號 | 445.9 |
關鍵詞 | 方案類型; 執行策略; 階段性作法; 方案建議; 預期效果; Optional programs; Implementation strategyes; Stepwise approach; Program recommendations; Expected results; |
語 文 | 中文(Chinese) |
中文摘要 | 氣候變遷為人類所面對最為嚴峻的挑戰之一,為能有更為全面且客觀之科學研究基礎,做為政策推動依據,以強化我國溫室氣體減量與與衝擊調適相關技術研發量能,並輔助政府以監督者角色提供中立之研究資訊,而有籌畫建立「國家級溫室氣體研究中心」的需求。 關於「國家級溫室氣體研究中心」組織運作方案之選擇,可有4種方案類型,分別為:環保署之研究中心、財團法人之研究中心、行政法人之研究中心、環保署補助於學術單位之研究中心。本文比較此4種類型之內涵、運作方案優劣,並分析執行策略後,提出組織運作之階段性作法、方案建議與預期效果。 雖然以署之研究中心掛牌成立為與國際合作及可有效整合各單位資源之方案,但目前受限於組織法案之規範,較難直接在署下以「環保署之研究中心」掛牌成立。若以財團法人之研究中心掛牌成立,在無法源規範的情況下,可有減輕政府財政負擔及增加行政效率之優勢,但有自籌經費的壓力及缺乏諸如土地、設備、空間、人力等所需資源之限制。而在法源規範的情況下,則因董理事會與監督機制透過法律的明文規定,能夠確保其獨立超然的地位,然立法院三讀通過之難度較高且耗時,加以政府所需投注諸如土地、設備、空間、人力等資源的龐大,以目前階段恐較不易施行。倘以行政法人之研究中心掛牌成立,則較具彈性與回應力,超越了國家或地方自治體傳統的管轄權限,便於政策利害關係人、顧客及利益團體的參與,但受到國家監察機關的監督,對國家的財政負擔也較大。如採 署補助於學術單位研究中心方案之方式掛牌運作,雖仍有自籌經費之壓力,然因學術單位可能擁有諸如土地、設備、空間、人力等充足的所需資源,且具備學術公信力及各單位資源的整合力量,可說為目前階段較不耗時、耗力的較佳選擇。因此,「國家級溫室氣體研究中心」似可以初期採署補助於學術單位研究中心方案之方式掛牌運作,再逐步地朝財團法人或行政法人之方案漸進式地作調整。 |
英文摘要 | Climate change is one of the most serious challenges faced by human beings. The aims of establishing the “National Greenhouse Gases Research Center” include the ability to build a more comprehensive and objective scientific research foundation to serve as a policy-driven basis, strengthen the country’s greenhouse gases reduction, affect the R&D capability of adaptation-related technology, and assist the government to act as a supervisor role to provide neutral research information. There are four optional programs to establish the organizational operation of “National Greenhouse Gases Research Center,” namely: EPA Research Center, Research Center Foundation, Administrative Institution Research Center, and Academic Research Center Subsidized by EPA. The connotations, and the pros and cons of these four programs were compared by this paper. After analyzing the implementation strategies, a stepwise approach of organizational operation, program recommendations and expected results were then proposed. If the program is established on administrative-basis, although it is able to effectively integrate with the resources of all units while engaging in international cooperation, but it cannot be established easily under the name of “EPA Research Center” directly as restricted by the current Organizations Act. If it is established under the program of Research Center Foundation, it has the merits of reducing the government’s financial burden and increasing the administrative efficiency under the status of no legal norms. However, it will be hindered by the existence of self-financing stress and a lack of essential resources, such as land, equipment, space, manpower, etc. Under the condition of no legal norms, although it can assure its outstanding independent status by the Board of Directors and the Supervisory Mechanism through the edict of laws, but it is very difficult and time-consuming to get approval from the Legislative Yuan through the third reading. So, this program is afraid not easy to be implemented due to an additional need to invest in huge resources, such as land, equipment, space, manpower, etc. If it is established under the program of Administrative Institution Research Center, it is more flexible and more responsive to surpass the jurisdiction of the state or traditional local governments. In other words, it allows the policy stakeholders, customers and interest groups to participate in it more easily, but it will be monitored by the national supervisory authority, and has to bear a greater national financial burden. If it is operated under the program of Academic Research Center Subsidized by EPA, it can still subject to self-financing stress though, but the academic units may have adequate essential resources, such as land, equipment, space, manpower, etc., and it is also supported by academic credibility and the powerful integrated resources from all units. It is currently regarded as a better option with the advantages of less time-consuming and less labor intensive. Hence, the “National Greenhouse Gases Research Center” can be preliminary operated under the program of Academic Research Center Subsidized by EPA, and then gradually adjusted towards the program of Research Center Foundation or Administrative Institution Research Center. |
本系統中英文摘要資訊取自各篇刊載內容。