頁籤選單縮合
題名 | 陸軍飛行員夜視鏡空間迷向經驗與因應對策調查研究=Spatial Disorientation Experiences and Coping Strategies of Army Pilots Using Night Vision Goggle |
---|---|
作者姓名(中文) | 李紀蓮; 鄭兆堅; 張仁義; 江國超; | 書刊名 | 中華民國航空醫學暨科學期刊 |
卷期 | 28:1 2014.06[民103.06] |
頁次 | 頁13-24 |
分類號 | 412.85 |
關鍵詞 | 夜視鏡; 空間迷向; 錯覺; 人為因素; 飛行訓練; Night vision goggle; Spatial disorientation; Illusion; Human factor; Flight training; |
語文 | 中文(Chinese) |
中文摘要 | 前言:空間迷向是軍機飛行重大失事最主要原因之一,其發生比率較大G昏迷事件高出許多,若再加上夜視鏡裝備的使用,更增加飛行員空間迷向發生的機率。本研究目的旨在探討飛行員配戴夜視鏡發生之空間迷向類型、頻率、嚴重程度及因應對策。方法:參考以人為因素理論建構之「夜視鏡與人員互動模式」設計問卷,並請專家審核及進行預試,提升問卷信效度。結果:(1)有效問卷計235份,施測對象為陸軍具夜視鏡飛行經驗之飛行人員,平均年齡33.1±6.2歲,平均飛行總時數1,306±1,657小時,平均夜視鏡飛行時數118.3±141.1小時。(2)曾經歷空間迷向者計109人(46.4%),表示對飛行安全具中重度影響者計32人(29.4%)。(3)發生原因前5項依序為滯空飄移/下降無法察覺76人(69.7%)、視覺資訊不足75人(68.8%)、缺乏掃瞄及誤判高度/距離73人(67.0%)、誤判平行速度/接近率72人(66.1%)。(4)因應對策:「教官指導或接手」佔9.0%、「換機組員操控」佔15.3%、「個人加強重點」佔75.7%。個人加強重點包含加強掃瞄及新參考點獲得(25%)、相信儀表及交互檢查(19.4%)、操控修正(11.1%)、意志集中調整身心(6.9%)、座艙協調(6.9%)、其他(4.9%)等。結論:空間迷向肇致意外事件的發生,對於軍機飛行員仍具相當的威脅性,值得相關單位重視。蒐整飛行員夜視鏡飛行之空間迷向經驗及因應方法,可提供國軍空間迷向教育訓練及後續研究的參考。 |
英文摘要 | Introduction: Spatial disorientation (SD) associated with the use of night vision goggle (NVG) is one of the major causes of military aircraft accident. The incidence is higher than accidents caused by acceleration-related loss of consciousness. The purpose of current study is to investigate the types, frequencies, degree of severity and coping strategies of SD associated with the use of night vision goggle in army helicopter pilots. Methods: A cross-sectional survey of 450 army helicopter pilots was conducted. NVG-human interaction model based on human factor theory was used in questionnaire construction. The questionnaire was reviewed and pre-tested by experts to improve the reliability and validity. Results: Responses were received from 235 pilots (52.2%) aged 33.1±6.2 years, with 1,306±1,657 total flight hours and 118.3±141.1 hours flying using night vision goggle. About half of responders (46.4%) had SD experience in flight, 29.4% of responders rated the effects of SD on flight safety as moderate to severe. The most frequently experienced SD episodes were undetected aircraft shift/descend in the hover (69.7%), lack of visual cues (68.8%), insufficient scan and misjudgment of altitude/distance (67.0%), and misjudgment of speed/clearance from obstacle (66.1%). Coping strategy for SD reported included: hand over control by instructors (9.0%); hand over to the other pilot (15.3%); self-focus (75.7%). Self-focus included: re-enforce visual scanning and obtain new reference point (25%); trust and cross-check of instruments (19.4%); correction of control (11.1%); concentration and re-focus (6.9%); crew coordination (6.9%) and others (4.9%). Conclusions: SD-related accidents are threats to military pilots. Analysis of SD types and causes and coping strategies provide valuable information for future education and training, especially in SD related to the use of night vision goggles. |
本系統之摘要資訊系依該期刊論文摘要之資訊為主。