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題名 | 超臨界CO₂及微波蒸餾對萃取紅檜及扁柏精油之效能研究=Study on the Efficiency of the Extraction Essential Oil from Chamaecyparis Formosensis and Chamaecyparis obtuse by Supercritical CO₂ and Microwave Distillation |
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作者 | 尹華文; 李慶國; 邱念華; Yin, Hwa-wen; Lee, Ching-kuo; Chiu, Nien-hua; |
期刊 | 林產工業 |
出版日期 | 20110600 |
卷期 | 30:2 2011.06[民100.06] |
頁次 | 頁99-105 |
分類號 | 466.63 |
語文 | chi |
關鍵詞 | 紅檜; 扁柏; 精油; 水蒸餾; 微波蒸餾; 超臨界CO₂萃取; Chamaecyparis formosensis; Chamaecyparis obtuse; Essential oil; Hydrodistillation; Microwave distillation; Supercritical CO₂ extraction; |
中文摘要 | 植物精油通常是以傳統的水蒸餾、水蒸汽蒸餾或溶劑萃取等方法進行萃取,其缺點為收率低、耗時、溶劑殘留,並由於長時間被熱所裂解,以致損耗了熱敏性成分。本研究首先研製微波萃取裝置,再將經磨切後的紅檜(Chamaecyparis formosensis)及扁柏(Chamaecyparis obtusa)加工廢料,以微波蒸餾、超臨界萃取,再與水蒸餾、水蒸汽蒸餾之結果相比較。並就不同的參數,包括加熱功率、萃取時間以評估其萃取效率。試驗結果顯示,微波蒸餾由於係直接加熱,2hr的萃取率(3.9~4.1±0.2%),即高於傳統水蒸餾6hr萃取率(3.5~4.0±0.1%),顯見傳統方法非常耗工、廢時;而微波蒸餾萃取效果良好,具有快速、節省能源以及效率高的優點,故適合於產製植物精油。各種方法中,超臨界CO_2之萃取率最高,而扁柏(7.1±0.3%)則高於紅檜(5.9±0.3%),超臨界萃取係以溫和的溫度作業,具質優、快速且效率高的特性。基於超臨界萃取及微波蒸餾技術所具之優勢,故有取代傳統蒸餾方法的潛力。 |
英文摘要 | Essential oils of plants are usually obtained by the traditional hydrodistillation, steam distillation, or solvent extraction methods. The disadvantages of these techniques include low yield, time-consuming, toxic solvent residues, and losses of heat-sensitive components due to thermal degradation during the process. In this study, a novel microwave distillation (MD) extraction device was used for the first time to extract milled residues of Chamaecyparis formosensis and "Chamaecyparis obtuse". In addition, supercritical fluid extraction (SFE), hydrodistillation (HD), and steam distillation (SD) were also performed on the same materials to compare their efficacies. Evaluations were carried out based on different parameters including heating power and extraction time. Results of the comparison revealed that the amount of essential oil extracted (3.9~4.1±0.2%) in 2 hr by the MD was higher than those obtained (3.5~4.0±0.1%) in 6 hr by the tedious HD and SD methods. Thus, the MD appeared to have the advantage of being rapid, energy saving, and highly efficient because of its direct heating approach. Among all the methods examined, the essential oil yields of the SFE was the highest, with that of C. obtusa at 7.1±0.3% higher than the 5.9±0.3% produced by C. "formosensis". SFE operates under very mild temperature and has well-known characteristics of being rapid and highly efficient. Based on the advantages of SFE and MD methods, they have the potentials to replace the traditional methods. |
本系統之摘要資訊系依該期刊論文摘要之資訊為主。