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題名 | 大鳳蝶的產卵偏好性與幼蟲食葉量初探=Preliminary Study of Oviposition Perference and Larval Leaf Consumption of Polymorph Swallowtail (Papilio memnon heronus Fruhstörfer) |
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作者 | 陳素瓊; 歐陽盛芝; 塗文賢; Chen, Su-chiung; Ou-Yang, Sheng-chih; Tu, Wen-hsien; |
期刊 | 國立臺灣博物館學刊 |
出版日期 | 20140900 |
卷期 | 67:3 2014.09[民103.09] |
頁次 | 頁75-95 |
分類號 | 387.793 |
語文 | chi |
關鍵詞 | 大鳳蝶; 寄主植物; 產卵偏好; 產卵位置偏好; 食葉量; 取食速率; Polymorph swallowtail; Papilio memnon heronus Fruhstörfer; Host plant; Oviposition preference; Oviposition position preference; Leaf consumption; Leaf consumption rate; |
中文摘要 | 本研究主要探討大鳳蝶(Papilio memnon heronus Fruhstörfer)雌蝶對金桔(Citrus microcarpa Bonge)、酸桔(C. sunki Hort.)、檸檬(C. limon (L.) Burm. f.)及文旦(C. grandis (L.) Osbeck)等四種寄主植物的產卵偏好及產卵位置偏好,並了解幼蟲期的食葉量。在產卵偏好試驗中發現,供試的四種寄主植物中,大鳳蝶雌蝶最偏好產卵於檸檬,達92±4.6粒(佔42.0%),偏好性最低者為產於金桔僅27±4.0粒(佔12.3%)。以檸檬為供試寄主植物,本種雌蝶產卵部位最偏好產於葉背,有高達89粒卵(佔83.9%),偏好性最低者為產於枝條僅4粒卵(佔3.8%)。在網室內採大鳳蝶當日產卵,置於25℃,80±5% RH,光週期14L:10D的生長箱中,俟幼蟲孵化後以檸檬葉片單隻飼育,試驗結果顯示幼蟲食葉量隨著齡期增長而增加,以第一齡幼蟲最小僅1.18±0.08 cm2(佔0.29%),第五齡幼蟲者最大達322.49±17.67 cm2(佔80.20%),第五齡幼蟲食葉量佔了整個幼蟲期總食葉量的80.20%,且為第一齡幼蟲者的273倍,幼蟲期的總食葉量平均為403.09±19.59 cm2;各齡期幼蟲的食葉量常用對數和齡期間呈直線迴歸關係。本種幼蟲的取食速率隨著齡期增長而增加,以第一齡幼蟲最慢僅0.29 cm2/day,以第五齡者最快為36.28 cm2/day,取食速率是第一齡的125倍,各齡期幼蟲的取食速率常用對數和齡期間呈直線迴歸關係,由此數據可估算飼育幼蟲數量所需寄主植物葉片量,以做為大量飼養繁殖之參考。 |
英文摘要 | This study focused on the basic biological data of Polymorph swallowtail (Papilio memnon heronus Fruhstörfer), including the female oviposition preference on four Citurs spp. host plants, C. microcarpa Bonge, C. sunki Hort., C. limon (L.) Burm. f. and C. grandis (L.) Osbeck., the female oviposition position preference on different parts of host plant, and leaf consumption of each larval instar. Results of the oviposition preference test found that the female rather oviposites on leaves of C. limon than three on other host plants. The highest ovipositon preference was 92±4.6 eggs (42.0%) on C. limon. And the lowest oviposition preference of this species was 27±4.0 eggs (12.3%) on C. microcarpa. In the ovipositon position preference test only provided one species, C. limon as host plant. Results indicated that the highest oviposition position preference was 89 eggs (83.9%) on the back side of leaves. Relatively, the lowest oviposition position preference was 4 eggs (3.8%) on twigs. Eggs of Polymorph swallowtail were collected from the host plant in the screen house and placed in the growth chamber with conditions of 25℃, 80±5% RH, and in a photoperiod of 14 hr light and 10 hr darkness. The newly hatching larvae were individually reared on leaves of Citrus limon for investigation of larval leaf consumption. Results showed that the increment of larval leaf consumption were in accordance with the increase in larval instar stage. The smallest leaf consumption was 1.18±0.08 cm2 (0.29%) of the first instar larval stage. And the greatest leaf consumption was 322.49±17.67 cm2 (80.20%) which occurred at the fifth instar larval stage. The fifth instar larvae consumed about 80.20% of leaves in whole larval stage. Furthermore, leaf consumption of the fifth instar larva divided by the first instar larva was 273 times. The total leaf areas consumed was 403.09±19.59 cm2 in average during larval stage. A linear regression relationship was existed between the common logarithms of leaf consumption and the larval instar stages. Leaf consumption rate increased as the larval instar grew. The slowest leaf consumption rate was 0.29 cm2/day of the first instar larva. Relatively, the fastest was 36.28 cm2/day of the fifth instar larva. And the leaf consumption rate of the fifth instar larva divided by the first instar larva was 125 times. A linear regression relationship was existed between the common logarithms of leaf consumption rate and the larval instar stages. According these data, we could calculate how many leaves of host plant necessary for rearing a certain number of larvae of this species. The results could provide some reference information for mass rearing production of the butterfly. |
本系統之摘要資訊系依該期刊論文摘要之資訊為主。