查詢結果分析
來源資料
頁籤選單縮合
題名 | 應用無人載具(UAV)影像於坡地災害環境資訊蒐集與分析= |
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作者 | 周天穎; 陳彥宏; 蕭淵展; |
期刊 | 國土資訊系統通訊 |
出版日期 | 20141200 |
卷期 | 92 2014.12[民103.12] |
頁次 | 頁2-17 |
分類號 | 440.9 |
語文 | chi |
關鍵詞 | 無人載具; 空間資訊; 緊急災害; Unmanned aerial vehicle; Spatial information; Emergency disaster; |
中文摘要 | 台灣地區板塊運動相當頻繁,造成台灣地區山多平原少及山區地形陡峭等特殊景 觀,也因近幾年受到全球氣候變遷影響,各地區天候變化極大,在降雨量及降雨強度 增強的情形下導致崩塌、地滑及土石流等災害頻傳,於此災害發生下,災後緊急災情 調查以及環境資訊即時分析便成為相當重要的研究課題及發展重點項目。但通常於災 害發生後,易有交通及人員安全上之問題疑慮,無法即時進行災區環境災害評估。於 此情形下,無人飛行載具以其機動力強、時效性高、低空作業以及受天候條件限制較 小等多項優勢,可於災害發生後進行初步大範圍區域之環境監測與三維環境模擬。 故本研究應用無人載具技術於災害發生後進行坡地環境多時期基礎資訊蒐集與整 體變遷監測分析,並進行地形模擬。綜合本次試作結果,利用旋翼型無人載具搭載非 量測型相機及GPS 可獲取地面高解析影像,並且以立體像對技術產製立體影像資料 以進行3D 空間量測分析。研究成果可於災後緊急分析使用,推估崩塌範圍、土方量 並建置崩塌地3D 模型及飛行模擬。 此後製成果可於災害發生取得資料後,短時間約一天內產製完成,此即時資訊可 快速提供相關單位了解災害發生地區之災害後即時地形資訊,並可提供相關救災單位 於緊急災情研判及救援使用。 |
英文摘要 | The plate movement in Taiwan is quite frequent, resulting in the terrain of more mountain areas and less plains, and landscapes of steep slopes. Because of the climate change occurred in recent years, the regional weather has different patterns than usual, causing extreme rainfall and intensity in areas. As a result, hazards caused by landslide and debris flow have become more frequent than before. Under the circumstance of frequent natural hazard, the post-disaster emergency response and site investigation has become an important issue and topic in academic research. The challenge of near real-time response to thehazards usually becomes harder to overcome because of the broken roads and bad weather (thick clouds or mist) in mountains after the landslides or debris flows, and the safety concerns to the workers. Therefore, the Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV) provides the advantages of mobile, rapid response, on-call, and capability of working at lower elevation in this tough situation. UAV is less affected by the weather, and can conduct large scale investigation at sites after the disaster, and can assist to generate the threedimensional (3D) environment simulation around the location. This research studied the application of UAV on collecting environmental spatial data after the occurrence of disasters. Data of different time frames for a location was collected in this study, and the analysis of environmental change had been conducted. The data collected was used to compare the site environmental before and after a natural hazard. Terrain simulation was also generated to obtain additional understanding. The study results have shown that the application of camera-ready UAV (helicopter-type) and GPS can provide high-resolution images, which can be used to quickly produce 3D spatial image by stereographing. The image post-processing in this study used the site’s feature points (obtained from previous site investigation) as control points, saving the time and labor of on-site investigation. This procedure is suitable for post-disaster response when quick response is needed. The images generated by the proposed method have average 5 meter error when targeting a landslide area, which is considerably acceptable and useful for estimating the hazard extent under emergency. The images can also be applied for 3D and flight simulation. The proposed method of processing 3D images can be done within one day after the disaster, when spatial data is available. The generated images can be used to assist the local government on the hazard impacts, and to provide the emergency response units information of status update and rescue use. |
本系統之摘要資訊系依該期刊論文摘要之資訊為主。