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題名 | 馬拉巴栗苗木疫病之防治藥劑篩選=Screening of Chemicals for Control of Seedling Blight of Malabar Chestnut in Taiwan |
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作者姓名(中文) | 陳麗鈴; 安寶貞; 蘇俊峯; 楊正偉; 蔡幸君; 蔡志濃; 謝廷芳; | 書刊名 | 臺灣農業研究 |
卷期 | 63:4 2014.12[民103.12] |
頁次 | 頁274-281 |
分類號 | 435.4、435.4 |
關鍵詞 | 馬拉巴栗; 疫病; 藥劑防治; Phytophthora diseases; Malabar chestnut; Phytophthora palmivora; Chemical control; |
語文 | 中文(Chinese) |
中文摘要 | 馬拉巴栗苗木是我國重要之外銷觀葉植物,主產區在彰化溪洲一帶。近年來,田間栽培的馬拉巴栗苗木經常發生腐敗情形,造成苗木死亡、嚴重失編及出口貨品腐敗。先前試驗發現疫病菌["Phytophthora palmivora"與"P. nicotianae(=P. parasitica")]為引起馬拉巴栗苗木腐敗的重要病原菌之一,它可以感染馬拉巴栗全株,無論在苗期、編辮時或本田期均可發生,愈年幼的苗木發病愈嚴重。為篩選有效防治藥劑,選取18種化學藥劑供試,於研究室測試其對疫病菌孢囊發芽與菌絲生長的抑制效果,並將抑菌效果較佳之藥劑進行盆栽苗木病害防治試驗。試驗結果顯示,多種供試藥劑均有良好的病害防治效果,依序為亞磷酸中和水溶液(1,000倍稀釋)、4-4波爾多液、25%曼普胺(2,500倍稀釋)、80%鋅錳乃浦(500倍稀釋)、50%達滅芬(3,000倍稀釋)及58%鋅錳滅達樂(1,000倍稀釋)。 |
英文摘要 | Malabar chestnut ("Pachira macrocarpa" Schl. et L. H. Bailey) seedlings are important potted ornamental plants for export in Taiwan. The main production area in Taiwan is at Sijhou, Changhua County. In recent years, production of Malabar chestnut has been impacted with diseases that caused root and basal rots of seedlings, leading to the death of seedlings in the field, loss of braids, and rots of plants in storage container during shipping. Our previous studies indicated that "Phytophthora palmivora" and "Phytophthora nicotianae (=P. parasitica") were two of the major causal organisms that caused the problem. These "Phytophthora" spp. were able to infect entire Malabar chestnut plant at any production stages, including transplants, braiding, or growth in the field. The main objective of this study was to screen chemicals for Phytophthora disease control in Malabar chestnut seedlings. A total of 18 recommended chemicals for Phytophthora diseases of other crops were tested for their effectiveness in vitro in inhibition of sporangial germination and mycelial growth of "P. palmivora" isolated from the host. Those demonstrated high inhibitions were selected for green house tests. Results showed that several tested chemicals were very effective in reducing seedling blight of Malabar chestnut seedlings, including (listed in descending order of effectiveness) neutralized phosphorous acid (1,000× dilution), 4-4 Bordeaux mixture, 25% mandipropamid (2,500× dilution), 80% mancozeb (500× dilution), 50% dimethomorph (3,000× dilution), and 58% mancozeb+metalaxyl (1,000× dilution). |
本系統之摘要資訊系依該期刊論文摘要之資訊為主。