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題名 | 利用分子標誌技術輔助低穀蛋白水稻新品系之選育=Breeding of a New Rice Line with Low-Glutelin Content Assisted by Molecular Markers |
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作者 | 王妙屹; 陳榮坤; 羅正宗; 黃文理; | 書刊名 | 嘉大農林學報 |
卷期 | 11:2 2014.08[民103.08] |
頁次 | 頁61-81 |
分類號 | 434.111 |
關鍵詞 | 水稻; 低穀蛋白; 分子標誌輔助選種; 種子儲藏性蛋白質; Oryza sativa; Low-glutelin; Marker-assisted selection; Seed storage protein; |
語文 | 中文(Chinese) |
中文摘要 | 水稻穀粒中儲藏性蛋白質含量約為5-12%,可分為鹼溶性穀蛋白、醇溶性蛋白、鹽溶性球蛋白與水溶性白蛋白,其中穀蛋白所合比例最高也是人體中主要可代謝之水稻儲藏性蛋白,本研究主要目的是藉由蛋白質與DNA分子標誌技術,以輔助選育出適合台灣地區種植、優質且適合腎臟代謝功能異常患者食用之低穀蛋白水稻新品系。試驗選取低穀蛋白之日本商業品種春陽與高產優質之NKY941002品系進行雜交,從千餘株F_2植株中選拔出73株外觀農藝性狀優異之單株,再從中挑選出8個族系進行繁殖至F_7世代。F_3世代蛋白質圖譜分析結果顯示,低穀蛋白具有單一顯性基因遺傳特性,本試驗進一步開發出兩組專一性DNA分子標誌,可有效鑑別正常與低穀蛋白品系,並於F_8世代中,成功篩選出一優質且低穀蛋白同質結合之水稻新品系,其糙米中穀蛋白比例從50%大幅降低至20%左右,而非消化性醇溶蛋白則由13.5%顯著提高至25.7%,試驗後續將持續進行此新品系之農藝性狀與產量構成要素之評估。 |
英文摘要 | Rice seed storage protein (SSP) ranged from 5 to 12%. It divides into four types as glutelin, prolamin, globulin and albumin, based on their solubility properties. Glutelin is the major SSP in rice grain and is an easily digestible protein. The purpose of this study was to generate new rice lines suitable for cultivated in Taiwan with low content of glutelin for diet therapy of patients with chronic renal failure and suitable cultivated in Taiwan. The hybridization population crossed between two rice cultivars, Shunyou, a Japanese commercial cultivar with low-glutelin content was crossed with NKY941002, a local high yield breeding line from Tainan District Agriculture Research and Extension Station, were used in this study. Sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoreseis (SDS-PAGE) and DNA molecular markers were developed and used to identify the genotype of individual plant in the segregation lines. 73 individual plants were selected by morphological traits from F2 population. Then 8 family lines were further selected by SDS-PAGE and propagated to F7 generation. The trait of low glutelin content probably belongs to a single dominant character according SDS-PAGE analysis. Two sets of DNA specific markers were developed to identify rice genotypes with normal- or low-glutelin content. In the F8 generation, a new breeding line, #107, was selected with excellent agronomic characters as well as low-glutelin content through protein and DNA marker identification. Compared of NKY941002, the glutelin proportion of the new breeding line was significantly prominently reduced from 50% to 20% SSP, but prolamin was highly enhanced from 13.5% to 25.7% in brown rice. The agronomic traits and yield components of #107 were further evaluated. |
本系統之摘要資訊系依該期刊論文摘要之資訊為主。