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題名 | Using the Green Lacewing Mallada basalis (Walker) (Neuroptera: Chrysopidae) to Control Tetranychus kanzawai Kishida (Acari: Tetranychidae) on Papaya in a Screenhouse=應用基徵草蛉(Neuroptera: Chrysopidae)防治網室木瓜上神澤氏葉蟎(Acari: Tetranychidae)之研究 |
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作者 | 陳健忠; 鄭玲蘭; 董耀仁; 盧秋通; 吳文哲; Chen, Chien-chung; Cheng, Ling-lan; Dong, Yaw-jen; Lu, Chiu-tung; Wu, Wen-jer; Yaninek, John S.; |
期刊 | 臺灣農業研究 |
出版日期 | 20140600 |
卷期 | 63:2 2014.06[民103.06] |
頁次 | 頁91-104 |
分類號 | 433.3 |
語文 | eng |
關鍵詞 | 神澤氏葉蟎; 基徵草蛉; 生物防治; 淹沒式釋放; 木瓜; Tetranychus kanzawai; Mallada basalis; Biological control; Inundative release; Papaya; |
中文摘要 | 基徵草蛉Mallada basalis(Walker)屬非專一性的捕食性昆蟲,為台灣農作區常見的天敵種類,可利用人工飼料加以大量繁殖,具經濟效益並已商品化。往昔研究顯示基徵草蛉可應用於田間防治多種作物的重要害蟲及害蟎,但於網室木瓜尚無正式報告。此外,對於草蛉釋放後,其族群在田間變動的情形也少有探討。本研究乃探討網室中釋放基徵草蛉防治木瓜害蟎之可行性,主要項目包括草蛉的有效釋放率、釋放後草蛉在田間的族群變動情形、以及其對木瓜上神澤氏葉蟎"Tetranychus kanzawai" Kishida的防治效能。結果顯示每株木瓜釋放200粒草蛉卵,夏天每次釋放後的平均防治率可達95%以上,冬天由於葉蟎族群密度較低,草蛉釋放率可降至每株木瓜100粒卵,即達相同的防治效果。此外,基徵草蛉對木瓜植株上不同生活期、不同葉層或不同葉表的葉蟎,防治效果皆無顯著差異。草蛉卵釋放於木瓜網室後的孵化率達70%以上,然而稚齡幼蟲孵化後,其族群密度即迅速降低。草蛉在木瓜網室中無法經由連續釋放累積其族群數量,顯示木瓜網室無法提供草蛉生長發育所需的適當環境。雖然基徵草蛉無法在木瓜網室中建立族群,本研究顯示以淹沒式釋放方式(inundative release),在每株木瓜上視季節釋放100-200粒基徵草蛉卵,可有效防治木瓜上之神澤氏葉蟎,具應用潛力。 |
英文摘要 | Mallada basalis (Walker) is a generalist predator commonly found in agricultural fields in Taiwan, and is commercially available as a biological control product. A number of field investigations have indicated the potential of M. basalis as a biological control agent against several arthropod pest species; however, none have been carried out on pests of papayas. Likewise, there is no information on the fate of lacewing populations following their release in the field. This study investigated the feasibility of using M. basalis to control the primary acarine pest, Tetranychus kanzawai Kishida, on papaya in a screenhouse. The main objectives included determining optimal lacewing release rates, post-release population dynamics, and efficacy in controlling mites on papaya. Lacewings released at a rate of 200 eggs per plant during the summer reduced T. kanzawai populations by 95% on average. Mite populations were lower during the winter and required half the summer lacewing release rate to achieve the same level of control. The impact of M. basalis on T. kanzawai was similar on various life stages of the mite, both sides of the papaya leaves, and throughout the canopy regardless of leaf strata. Lacewing egg hatch success following release in a screenhouse exceeded 70%. However, subsequent larval densities rapidly declined to less than 5 per papaya plant during our weekly censuses. Lacewing populations did not accumulate through successive releases suggesting that conditions in the papaya screenhouse were not favorable for M. basalis development or establishment. Although sustained population of M. basalis could not be established in the papaya screenhouse, inundative releases of M. basalis at a rate of 100 to 200 eggs per plant depending on the season could be applicable as a biological means to control T. kanzawai on papaya in screenhouses. |
本系統之摘要資訊系依該期刊論文摘要之資訊為主。