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題 名 | 沿海地層下陷魚塭養殖區之排洪特性探討=Regional Drainage Characteristics for Fish Farm of Coastal Subsidence Area |
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作 者 | 張向寬; 賴進松; 譚義績; | 書刊名 | 地工技術 |
卷 期 | 139 2014.03[民103.03] |
頁 次 | 頁59-66 |
專 輯 | 地盤沉陷與淹水 |
分類號 | 443.54 |
關鍵詞 | 養殖魚塭; 排洪特性; 暴雨水流經理模式; Fish farm; Inundation; Pre-drainage; Storm water management model; |
語 文 | 中文(Chinese) |
中文摘要 | 臺灣西南沿海魚塭養殖業發達,但魚塭區域多為低窪地區,長期地層下陷嚴重,其地勢常低於海平面以下,因此在暴雨來臨時常因重力排水不良,加上魚塭抽排水造成排水幹線溢堤而淹水。為掌握魚塭區域排洪特性,本研究以嘉義縣義竹鄉後鎮大排為研究區域,應用暴雨水流經理模式(SWMM,Storm Water Management Model)進行該區域水理演算,並以莫拉克颱風(2009/8)實測水位進行模式校驗。研究中以重現期25年設計降雨進行水理模擬且給定魚塭抽排規則,假設下游邊界水位為自由跌水、低潮位與高潮位三種狀況時,模擬區域排水之水位變化,另外模擬一對照組,設定與本研究區域相同面積集水區之一般都市區域,以了解魚塭區養殖區 與一般都會地區兩者不同集水特性之區排排洪特性。最後探討魚塭若能於降雨前先進行抽排以降低魚塭池水位,如此將增加整體滯洪儲水空間以有效容納降雨,並減少魚塭抽排至排水幹線之水量,進而防止進入排水幹線之水量超過其負荷而溢淹。本研究成果可提供河川管理單位制訂沿海地層下陷魚塭養殖區,在颱風暴雨來臨時魚塭與區排聯合抽排之應變操作規則。 |
英文摘要 | Most of fish farms in Taiwan are located near the southwest coastal subsidence area where the ground level is low,even lower than the sea level. Inundations often happen in typhoon event due to flow over embankment top. The two main causes are poor gravitational drainage system and extra inflow drained from fish farms. To master the drainage characteristics in fish farm area and suggest measures of inundation prevention, the Houzhen catchment system in the Chiayi County was selected as study area. The numerical model, Storm Water Management Model (SWMM), was applied to water level simulations in the Houzhen drainage system and the measured water level data in the Morakot Typhoon were used for model calibration and validation. In this study, the 25 year return period design rainfall and drainage regulation in fish farm were given for all scenarios. Simulate the water level under three different boundary condition, include free fall, low tide and high tide. Another simulated a control group, set for the general metropolitan area, its catchment area and the same catchment area of fish farms, in order to understand the different drainage characteristics for between fish farms areas andmetropolitan areas. Based on simulation results, the fish farm pre-drainage effe ctively prevented inundation. Fish farm pre-drainage created enough storage space for rainfall and extra inflow from fish farms. Therefore, rainfall forecasting could to determine the pre-drained water depth. Furthermore, river management agency would announce and assist fish farm owners the emergency measure and operating rules of pre-drainage. |
本系統中英文摘要資訊取自各篇刊載內容。