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| 題 名 | 王羲之〈快雪時晴帖〉之「接受」研究--試以乾隆皇帝之題詩、跋語為探討對象=The "Reception" of Wang Xizhi's Timely Clearing after Snowfall--Taking Emperor Qianlong's Inscriptive Poems and Postscripts as Examples |
|---|---|
| 作 者 | 陶玉璞; | 書刊名 | 東華漢學 |
| 卷 期 | 18 2013.12[民102.12] |
| 頁 次 | 頁229-273 |
| 分類號 | 943 |
| 關鍵詞 | 乾隆皇帝; 三希堂; 快雪時晴帖; 中秋帖; 伯遠帖; 王羲之; Emperor Qianlong; Three Rarities Hall; Timely Clearing after Snowfall; Mid-Autumn; Boyuan; Wang XiZhi; |
| 語 文 | 中文(Chinese) |
| 中文摘要 | 王羲之〈快雪時晴帖〉自康熙年間進獻入宮，之後，又陸續獲得王獻之〈中秋帖〉、王珣〈伯遠帖〉，乾隆十一年，乾隆皇帝遂於養心殿西暖房闢成一室，易其名曰「三希堂」；然而，這位風雅皇帝卻未平等對待「三希」，此從其於〈快雪時晴帖〉共題七十餘則詩、跋，而〈中秋帖〉、〈伯遠帖〉卻只有三、四則而已，觀者便可清楚看出其心態。為何乾隆皇帝會如此珍愛王羲之〈快雪時晴帖〉呢？筆者從〈中秋帖〉所題〈擬中秋帖子詞〉切入問題，發現這位執政十年的皇帝實有借新闢「三希堂」來展現其新時代的雄心，同時又有接續之前康熙盛世的企圖。至於〈快雪時晴帖〉所寫內容不僅可視為「以農為本」國家政治的瑞兆象徵，而乾隆皇帝的題詩、跋語亦可視為其登基六十年的「時代筆記」。「三希堂」位處全國政治權力中樞，但「三希堂」所藏不過是前代所遺而與政治權力無關的三件歷史文物，亦因為如此，「三希堂」的設立本身便有混淆政治、文化兩種面貌的可能性；而面對〈快雪時晴帖〉，這位文武全才的皇帝便難以拿捏其應有的角色與態度，時常挾雜了帝王本具的政治思維而出現「瑞雪豐年」之說；不過，我們也可發現這位三希堂主人仍儘量扮演著文人角色，儘量剔除欣聞地方奏報降雪所作「喜而有作」、「詩以誌慰」的詩歌，在形式上保持了〈快雪時晴帖〉的純淨面貌。 |
| 英文摘要 | Wang Xizhi's calligraphy work Timely Clearing after Snowfall became one of the imperial collections in Kangxi era. In the eleventh year of the Qianlong Emperor's reign, Qianlong acquired Wang Xianzhi's Mid-Autumn and Wang Xun's Boyuan. Qianlong then designated a room in the West Warmth Chamber of Yangxin Dian and named it ”the Room of Three Rarities.” However, the art-loving Qianlong didn't treat the three calligraphy works equally: he wrote more than seventy poems and postscripts for Timely Clearing after Snowfall but only three or four for the other two works.Why did Qianlong adore Timely Clearing after Snowfall so much? I approach this question through examining his poem Mimicry of the calligraphy work Mid-Autumn and find that the young Emperor wanted to demonstrate his ambition of initiating a new era and extending the Kangxi Golden Age by establishing the Room of Three Rarities. Furthermore, the content of Timely Clearing after Snowfall is related to the auspice of a physiocratic country. The poems and postscripts of Qianlong could be deemed as ”epochal notes” of his sixty years reign.Although the Room of Three Rarities was situated in the center of politics, it only housed three historic artworks. Therefore, establishing the Room of Three Rarities probably obscured the boundaries between politics and culture. Whenever Qianlong appreciated Timely Clearing after Snowfall, he would find it difficult to grasp the adequate role and attitude for interpreting the poem. His writings often included emperor's political thinking such as ”a timely snow promising a good harvest.” On the other hand, the owner of the Room of Three Rarities still tried his best to be a literatus and excluded snow poems based upon local officials' reports. In this way, Qianlong preserved the formal purity of Timely Clearing after Snowfall. |
本系統中英文摘要資訊取自各篇刊載內容。