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題 名 | 利用塑酯薄膜法觀察甜瓜白粉病菌分生孢子的發芽與菌絲生長=Observation of Conidia Germination and Mycelial Growth of Podosphaera xanthii on Melon Leaf by Plastic Membrane Method |
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作 者 | 黃晉興; 蘇俊峰; | 書刊名 | 臺灣農業研究 |
卷 期 | 62:4 2013.12[民102.12] |
頁 次 | 頁340-350 |
分類號 | 435.261 |
關鍵詞 | 塑酯薄膜法; 甜瓜; 白粉病菌; 孢子發芽; 菌絲生長; Plastic membrane method; Melon; Podosphaera xanthii; Conidial germination; Mycelial growth; |
語 文 | 中文(Chinese) |
中文摘要 | 利用水瓊脂、醋酸纖維(acetyl cellulose)玻片與塑酯薄膜法(plastic membrane method)於顯微鏡下,皆可觀察到甜瓜白粉病菌(Podosphaera xanthii)分生孢子發芽,但是僅利用塑酯薄膜法才可觀察到白粉病菌的菌絲生長。將甜瓜白粉病菌分生孢子接種在葉圓片(leaf disc)上培養48 h後,利用塑酯薄膜法可觀察得到白粉病菌最適發芽溫度介於20-28℃,發芽率介於40.7-48.3%之間,而最適菌絲生長溫度介於20-26℃之間,菌絲產生率介於30.7-33.1% 之間,其菌絲生長長度則介於179.0-228.0 μm之間。當甜瓜白粉病菌(P. xanthiirace 1)分生孢子接種於感病甜瓜品種「Iran H」與「Védrantais」等之葉圓片48 h後,分生孢子發芽率、菌絲產生率與菌絲生長長度分別為51.3-58.8%、41.3-53.5%與196.0-212.4 μm,皆高於接種於抗病甜瓜品種「PMR-45」、「PI-124112」與「MR-1」,其分別為12.5-15.4%、0-0.8% 與0-82.1 μm,此結果與直接將Px-001供試菌株分生孢子接種於盆栽植株所得結果相同。又將2個race 1 菌株(Px-001與Px-274)與2個race 5菌株(Px-359與Px-3604)分別接種在「Iran H」、「PMR-45」與「MR-1」品種葉圓片上,供試菌株在感病甜瓜品種的菌絲產生率在29.0-54.0% 之間,而在抗病甜瓜品種的菌絲產生率在0-6.8%之間,具有顯著差異(P < 0.05)。由結果顯示,將甜瓜白粉病菌分生孢子接種在甜瓜葉圓片上,再以塑酯薄膜法檢測分生孢子的菌絲產生率可做為甜瓜品種對白粉病菌之抗感性測定。 |
英文摘要 | A study revealed that conidial germination of Podosphaera xanthii was observed under light microscope when they were inoculated on water agar, acetyl cellulose or leaf discs of melon and retrieved by a plastic membrane method. However, mycelial growth was observed only by the plastic membrane method. When conidia of P. xanthii (race 1) were inoculated on melon leaf-discs (Iran H variety), incubated for 48 h at series temperatures, and prepared specimens with the plastic membrane method for observation under compound microscope, the range of optimum temperature for conidial germination was 20-28℃ with the germination rate of 40.7-48.3%. The range of optimum temperature for hyphal development from germinated conidia and mycelial growth was 20-26℃, with the hyphal development rate of 30.7-33.1% and the hyphal length of 179.0-228.0 μm. When conidia of P. xanthii (race 1) were inoculated on leaf-discs of the susceptible melon varieties, 'Iran H' and 'Védrantais', and incubated at 24℃ for 48 h, the range of conidial germination rate, hyphal development rate and hyphal length were 51.3-58.8%, 41.3-53.5% and 196.0-212.4 μm, respectively. They were significantly (P < 0.05) higher than those (12.5-15.4%, 0-0.8%, and 0-82.1 μm) of the pathogen inoculated on the resistant melon varieties, 'PMR-45', 'PI-124112' and 'MR-1'. When the conidia of P. xanthii (race 1) were inoculated on leaves of the tested melon varieties grown in pots, the conidial germination, hyphal development rate and hyphal length were similar to the results of conidia inoculation on the leaf-discs. The conidia of race 1 strains (Px-001 and Px-274) and race 5 strains (Px-359 and Px-360) of P. xanthii were respectively inoculated on leaf discs of the susceptible variety Iran H and the resistant varieties, 'PMR-45' and 'MR-1', the hyphal development rate (29.0-54.0%) on the susceptible melon varieties was significantly (P < 0.05) higher than that (0-6.8%) on the resistant varieties. These results suggest that the plastic membrane method for collecting samples from leaf discs or leaves of plants inoculated with conidia of P. xanthii may be a useful and practical method for effective rating of melon varieties for resistance to powdery mildew. |
本系統中英文摘要資訊取自各篇刊載內容。