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頁籤選單縮合
| 題 名 | Humanizing the Monsters: A Schematic Reading of "Beowulf"=人性化的妖怪 : 以基模理論閱讀《貝爾沃夫》 |
|---|---|
| 作 者 | 楊植喬; | 書刊名 | Tamkang Review |
| 卷 期 | 44:1 2013.12[民102.12] |
| 頁 次 | 頁3-24 |
| 分類號 | 873.51 |
| 關鍵詞 | 貝爾沃夫; 英雄; 妖怪; 人性; 野蠻; 基模; Beowulf; Hero; Monster; Humanity; Barbarity; Schema; |
| 語 文 | 英文(English) |
| 中文摘要 | 雖然《貝爾沃夫》的主要情節是主角貝爾沃夫與其他三位反派角色的打鬥,這些場景可視為整個故事的靜態背景。貝爾沃夫是故事中唯一的一位人類英雄,可是他擁有的妖怪特徵卻遠遠比他的英雄特質來得更顯著。反觀貝爾沃夫的三個妖怪對手,雖然被刻劃出不少反派與邪惡的特色,卻也同時各自呈現出人性化的一面。這三位反派角色之所以會入侵人類的社會,動機絕非是為了要挑戰人類的權威、顛覆人類社會的體制,或者甚至是推翻整個社群;相反地,他們是因為人類或者貝爾沃夫的冒犯以及騷擾,在捍衛自己的權益之下,不得不進而反擊人類。本文採用基模理論來討論《貝爾沃夫》這個文本,試圖呈現,所謂的妖怪反倒是文本中意欲突顯的角色,而英雄貝爾沃夫與他們的爭鬥只不過是整個故事的陪襯。這三位妖怪實際上充滿人性,而且藉著塑造貝爾沃夫典型刻板的英雄角色以及慘烈的打鬥情節,正足以突顯並強化他們比貝爾沃夫更像是人類。即使貝爾沃夫是位英雄,個性與行為卻充滿了野蠻與暴力,從他超乎常人的氣力,尤其他和葛雷恩多以及龍的許多相似處看來,貝爾沃夫比妖怪更不像是個普通人類。《貝爾沃夫》常被定位為史詩,可是因為在故事發展中有許多基模概念的崩解與更新,所以此史詩很容易被解讀成是替妖怪們打抱不平的創作,而非英雄的史詩。在故事裡,人性與妖怪特質持續互相轉化,與其他傳統詩不同的是,三位妖怪彷彿正是人類社會中飽受欺壓剝削的受害者,為了自身的生存權益與尊嚴,與佔有優勢地位的英雄展開必然失敗的抗爭。 |
| 英文摘要 | Although the fights between the protagonist Beowulf and the three antagonists construct the main plot of Beowulf, they merely serve as static background for the narrative. As the only human hero in the story, Beowulf the character fits into a conventional hero schema; however, the several monstrous qualities that Beowulf possesses outweigh his heroic features. By contrast, his three adversaries, though seemingly negative and villainous, are more human-like and have their own individual characteristics. The invasion of Beowulf ’s three opponents into human society is not motivated by an intention to challenge human authority, overthrow the social system, or even ruin human civilization, but rather to protect their rights from the malicious interference and harassment of the humans and the hero. By performing a schematic analysis, this paper aims to show that the so-called monsters should be foregrounded figures against the background of Beowulf ’s three battles. The appearance and delineation of Beowulf as well as the fighting between Beowulf and the three antagonists can be constructed as the basis from which humane elements can be recognized in the monsters’ brutality and barbarity. Beowulf, the idealized hero, is an inverted version of a monster due to his extraordinary strength and the traits he shares with Grendel and the dragon in particular. Due to continuous schema disruption and refreshment, Beowulf as an epic is undermined and transformed into a monsters’ epic, which calls for barbarian elements in humanity and humane elements in monstrosity. The monsters suffer their fate untraditionally, and the hero is depicted as privileged. In this medieval literary world, the fights result from the uprisings of the underprivileged elements of human society. |
本系統中英文摘要資訊取自各篇刊載內容。