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題名 | 十九世紀前期美國在華傳教士對鴉片貿易的態度及其影響=American Missionaries’ Attitude over Opium Trade's and Its Influence in the Early 19th Century |
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作者姓名(中文) | 牛道慧; | 書刊名 | 龍華科技大學學報 |
卷期 | 33 2013.06[民102.06] |
頁次 | 頁167-190 |
分類號 | 248.2 |
關鍵詞 | 美國傳教士; 鴉片貿易; 鴉片戰爭; American missionaries; The Opium Trade; The Opium W; |
語文 | 中文(Chinese) |
中文摘要 | 本論文擬探討鴉片戰爭前後,美國傳教士對所謂的「罪惡商品」-鴉片貿易的態度及其影響。如眾所周知的,鴉片貿易影響中國與西方近代命運既深且巨;當時在中國,美國是僅次於英國的第二大鴉片貿易國,美國商人在中國所成立的洋行,幾乎都皆積極的介入此一獲利豐厚的生意。在鴉片貿易如火如荼進行之時,一批具有宗教熱情和奉獻精神的美國新教傳教士也來到中國,這些虔誠的喀爾文教派的使者普遍具有才智,他們是服膺實踐主義、工作勤奮、信仰堅定的佈道家。但是,他們與鴉片商人並不是全無關係的,甚至相當程度內,傳教士與當時在華居留的鴉片商人關係密切、交往頻繁。他們不可避免的必須對鴉片貿易發表意見。傳教士們一向善用他們的筆來創作,影響力遠遠超過商人或水手。他們所發表的言論被在華的西方人和國內的美國人民熱切的閱讀著,提供了鮮明的中國印象和傳教士觀點。當時,不論是宗教或是非宗教性質的報章雜誌都大量倚重他們的文字,讀者對他們流露的感情通常給予廣泛的迴響。他們對鴉片貿易的態度,不但對美國人的中國觀點的形成具有很大的意義,更影響到了美國政府的對華決策。本文試圖分析美國在華傳教士對鴉片貿易觀念的轉變,並探討其中的原因及影響。 |
英文摘要 | As is well known, the Opium Trade impacted China and the Western fates deeply and significantly; the United States was second next to Britain the largest opium trade country, and, most of US companies were set up by opium businessmen in China. Western companies were actively involved in almost all this lucrative opium business. When Opium Trade was in full swing, a number of religious fervor and dedication American Protestant missionaries came to China, these devout Calvinist culture and education in general had the intelligence to send messages, they were adhering to the practice of doctrine, hard work, strong faith Evangelist. Those missionaries had certain relationship with the opium traders, and even a considerable extent, missionaries and opium businessmen residing in China were closely related groups, frequent exchanges in-between. They inevitably had to comment on the Opium Trade. The missionaries always made good use of their pen to create, influence is far more than a businessman or a sailor. Protestant missionaries’ viewpoints were broadly read by westerners in China as well as people in foreign countries. Missionaries’ viewpoints were also impressive to those people. At that time, no matter religious or non-religious nature of the large number of newspapers and magazines relied on missionaries’ writing comments, the reader or the perspective of their feelings would usually give a strong response back to “Chinese Repository”. Not only Americans, the formation of the Chinese point of view of great significance, but also U.S. government’s China policy was affected. This paper analyzes the concept change of those United States missionaries regarding Opium trade; and, explores the possible root causes and effects thereafter. |
本系統之摘要資訊系依該期刊論文摘要之資訊為主。