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題名 | 小油桐(麻瘋樹)種油及籽粕萃取物於綠色驅(殺)蟲劑之應用=The Potential of Using Jatropha curcas Oil and Seed Cake Extract as Biopesticide |
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作者 | 廖癸閔; 賴佳妤; 杜武俊; 李筱萍; 陳錦坤; 謝勝國; 許明晃; 吳柏龍; 黃冬梨; | 書刊名 | 石油季刊 |
卷期 | 49:1 2013.03[民102.03] |
頁次 | 頁87-101 |
分類號 | 412.4 |
關鍵詞 | 小油桐; 麻瘋樹; 小油桐籽粕; 麻瘋樹籽粕; 驅蟲劑; 生物性殺蟲劑; Jatropha curcas; Seed cake; Pest repellent; Bio-insecticide; |
語文 | 中文(Chinese) |
中文摘要 | 小油桐(Jatropha curcas)種籽含油量約為18~35%,經處理後,可生產出高品質的生質柴油,是未來全球能源市場上不可或缺的料源之一。但是,利用小油桐種籽油提煉生質柴油,會伴隨產生大量的小油桐籽粕,如何有效地處理這些廢棄物,或甚至高值化再利用也成為了另一個研究主題。我們為了評估小油桐籽粕或種油作為環境用藥的可能性,於試驗中選取小油桐含油籽粕、去油籽粕及種籽油等三種資材,分別以R.O.水、正己烷(n-hexane)、乙酸乙酯(Ethyl Acetate)及酒精(Ethanol)等溶劑進行萃取,並將萃出物回溶於R.O.水中備用,另一方面也將種籽油及自含油籽粕中再提取的種籽油直接加入R.O.水中製成乳化劑。我們測試各萃取物及種油乳化劑對埃及斑蚊、台灣鋏蠓及家蠅等三種有害昆蟲幼蟲的殺蟲功效,結果發現,各受試物質對不同害蟲的殺蟲作用呈現差異性,三種受測害蟲以家蠅幼蟲對各試驗物質的感受性最低,埃及斑蚊幼蟲感受性最高。其中,以EA及EtOH對含油籽粕的萃取物,以及種油乳化劑對埃及斑蚊各齡幼蟲具有殺蟲效果,顯示含油籽粕及種油中含有殺蟲物質。而相同蟲種的不同幼蟲齡期對同一受試物亦具有不同感受性,埃及斑蚊幼蟲齡期越大感受性越低,台灣鋏蠓幼蟲齡期越大感受性相對較高。含油籽粕萃取物及種油乳化劑對部分埃及斑蚊與台灣鋏蠓雌蟲之產卵具有趨避效用,惟具體效果有待進一步試驗確認。 |
英文摘要 | Jatropha curcas has been considered as a potential biofuel feedstock plant due to its inherent adaptability to harsh environment and high-oil contented seeds (≈ 18~35%/seed). After trans-esterification, the obtained biodiesel can be used as the fuel for vehicles and almost meet the criteria of ASTM and EU standards. The J. curcas seed cake is a waste byproduct in biodiesel production process. This high protein content seed cake could be used as fertilizer or animal feed. However, several researches had revealed that some extracts from J. curcas possess have biological activities, such as antimicrobial and insecticidal activity. Aedes aegypti is a common vector of causative agents for dengue fever in Taiwan. To prevent the spreading of disease, the authorities have been budgeting lots money on this sanitary issue every year. Chemical pesticide associated with drug resistance, environmental contamination and health problem makes scientists seek for other substitutes. In this study, we first found that the seed cake extract and emulsified seed oil could cause high mortality in Aedes aegypti larva, thus inhibiting the pupation and emergence rate. Furthermore, these test subjects could also repel the female mosquitoes lying eggs. These evidences suggested that J. curcas seed cake and seed oil is a potential material for using as control vectors to expel pest insects such as mosquitoes and biting midges. |
本系統之摘要資訊系依該期刊論文摘要之資訊為主。