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頁籤選單縮合
題名 | New Records of Phytophthora Diseases of Chinese Medicinal Herbs in Taiwan=臺灣藥用植物疫病之新紀錄 |
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作者 | 安寶貞; 王姻婷; 蔡志濃; 黃鴻章; | 書刊名 | 植物病理學會刊 |
卷期 | 21:2 2012.06[民101.06] |
頁次 | 頁65-77 |
分類號 | 434.92 |
關鍵詞 | 疫病新紀錄; 藥用植物; 丹參; 黃耆; 地黃; 臺灣; Phytophthora cryptogea; P. drechsleri; P. nicotianae; New disease; Chinese medicinal herbs; Salvia miltiorrhiza; Astragalus membranaceus; Rehmannia glutinosa; Taiwan; |
語文 | 英文(English) |
中文摘要 | 自 2001-2009 年調查台灣的藥用植物疫病,發現有三種未曾正式報告之疫病新紀錄,包括 Phytophthora cryptogea為害丹參 (Salvia miltiorrhiza),P. drechsleri為害黃耆 (Astragalus membranaceus),以及 P. nicotianae (= P. parasitica ) 為害地黃 (Rehmannia membranaceus)。分述如下:P. cryptogea為害丹參的莖基部與根系,造成組織褐變腐敗,葉片下垂萎凋,罹病植株最終死亡;P. drechsleri 感染黃耆小葉、莖部及根系,造成莖、葉腐敗與植株萎凋死亡。地黃對 P. nicotianae非常感病,全株均可被感染,罹病植株在短期內大量死亡,這些病害都在夏秋季降雨季節發生。所有從丹參、黃耆及地黃分離到的疫病菌株均為A1 配對型 (mating types)。在溫室,將各寄主植物分離到疫病菌的游走子懸浮液接種到寄主植物,均會產生與田間相同的病徵,而且相同的疫病菌均可自接種後發病的寄主組織上分離得到,證明這些保健植物罹患疫病分別由上述三種疫病菌引起。此外,分析上述三種疫病菌的核醣體內轉錄區間 (ITS region, ITS1-5.8SrDNA-ITS2) 與β微管蛋白基因 (β-tubulin) 的部份DNA序列,亦支持這三種疫病菌的分類地位。這三種疫病菌中,除P. drechsleri 為害黃耆在韓國有記錄外,其餘P. cryptogea為害丹參與P. nicotianae為害地黃在世界其他各地尚未發表過。 |
英文摘要 | Three species of Phytophthora isolated from Chinese medicinal herbs grown in the fields during 2001-2009 were proven to be the new records of pathogens on these crops in Taiwan. They are Phytophthora cryptogea on dan-shen (Salvia miltiorrhiza), P. drechsleri on astragalus (huang-qi, Astragalus membranaceus) and P. nicotianae (=P. parasitica) on rehmannia (ti-huang, Rehmannia glutinosa). Phytophthora cryptogea attacked roots and basal stems of dan-shen, causing plant wilting, leaf drooping, and eventual plant death. Phytophthora drechsleri attacked leaves, stems and roots of astragalus, causing leaf and stem blight, and wilt and death of infected plants. Rehmannia was highly susceptible to P. nicotianae, as the infected plants were killed within a very short period of time. All the isolates of P. cryptogea, P. drechsleri and P. nicotianae obtained from the medicinal herbs in Taiwan belong to A1 mating types. Results of the inoculation tests in the greenhouse showed that all the three species were pathogenic and the disease symptoms on inoculated host plants were similar to the naturally infected plants grown in the fields. Molecular data of the internal transcribed spacers (ITS) region and a partial sequence of theβ-tubulin gene also support the traditional classification based on morphological and physical characteristics of P. cryptogea, P. drechsleri and P. nicotianae. Phytophthora cryptogea on dan-shen and P. nicotianae on rehmannia have not been reported in any other country prior to this report. |
本系統之摘要資訊系依該期刊論文摘要之資訊為主。