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題 名 | PCR Technique Applied to the Ecological Study of Paulownia Witches'-Broom Disease in Taiwan=PCR技術應用於臺灣泡桐簇葉病之發病生態與媒介昆蟲研究 |
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作 者 | 吳孟玲; 莊鈴木; 何政坤; 李芷芸; 洪挺軒; | 書刊名 | 臺灣林業科學 |
卷 期 | 27:4 2012.12[民101.12] |
頁 次 | 頁345-356 |
分類號 | 436.33 |
關鍵詞 | 泡桐簇葉病; PCR技術; 發病生態; 媒介昆蟲; Paulownia witches'-broom; PaWB; Phytoplasma; Polymerase chain reaction; PCR; Ecology; Insect vector; |
語 文 | 英文(English) |
中文摘要 | 由植物菌質體(phytoplasma)所引起之泡桐簇葉病(paulownia witches'-broom, PaWB),是一種蟲媒系統性病害,在臺灣為泡桐重要流行病害。受泡桐簇葉病菌質體(PaWB phytoplamsa, PaWBP)感染之泡桐樹勢衰弱,嚴重影響泡桐之栽種。為準確檢測植株是否遭受感染,已針對PaWBP 16S rDNA開發之專一性引子對,高敏感度、快速且正確的PCR偵測技術,所增幅之PaWBP專一性PCR片段大小為510 bp。本研究即以此專一性引子對追蹤PaWBP在泡桐寄主中之消長與發病關係,初步發現以人工嫁接病芽感染10公分株高之台灣泡桐,其病原菌潛伏期(incubation period)平均為三個月;PaWBP在病株分佈(distribution),以葉脈含量最高,其次為莖部、葉肉及皮層含量最低;同時亦發現PaWBP移動情形(movement)並不快速,以PCR法追蹤發現約3個月後PaWBP才由頂部嫁接感染點移至基部。在媒介昆蟲(vector insect)的調查上,經人工傳播試驗及PCR證實媒介昆蟲為常山黃斑樁象(Halyomorpha mista),由田間媒介昆蟲族群消長動態的調查發現,一年之中有兩個高峰期,分別出現在3至4月及8至10月間。本研究亦進行雜交種抗病試驗,其中貴州與四川泡桐雜交種潛伏期較長,表現弱病徵型抗病性。 |
英文摘要 | With the characteristics of insect-borne transmission and systemic infection, Paulownia witches'-broom (PaWB) disease has been considered a serious epidemic disease in Taiwan. PaWB phytoplasma (PaWBP) seriously weakens paulownia (Paulownia taiwaniana) plants, and has an enormous influence on paulownia cultivation. To accurately diagnose PaWB, a rapid and reliable detection method, a polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-based analysis using primers derived from PaWBP 16S ribosomal (r)DNA sequences, was previously established. We used the PCR assay to trace the incubation periods of PaWBP, symptom expression stages of infected paulownia, distribution and concentration of PaWBP in paulownia trees, and insect vectors. The incubation period of PaWBP-infected paulownia (10 cm in height) was about 3 mo; distributions of PaWBP in the mesophyll, petioles, veins, and bark of paulownia plants were from high to low, respectively according to the PCR assay. We also found that it took about 3 mo for PaWBP to move from the top grafting site to the basal root in 30-cm-tall paulownia plants. In this study, it was proven that Halyomorpha mista could successfully transmit PaWBP from diseased paulownia to healthy paulownia seedlings, and detection of PaWBP in H. mista was confirmed by the PCR as well. Field tracking showed 2 population peaks of H. mista during the year: March to April and August to October. These results may be helpful in insect vector control in the future. In resistance experiments, paulownia hybrids also showed higher resistance than purebred plants. |
本系統中英文摘要資訊取自各篇刊載內容。