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題名 | 中醫典籍臨床醫案的發展與評價=The Development and Evaluate of Clinical Cases in Chinese Medicine Classic |
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作者 | 許堯欽; | 書刊名 | 中西整合醫學雜誌 |
卷期 | 14:4 2012.12[民101.12] |
頁次 | 頁29-46 |
分類號 | 413.2 |
關鍵詞 | 醫案; 辨證思維; 書寫體例; Clinical case; Pattern identification thought; Writing style; |
語文 | 中文(Chinese) |
中文摘要 | 中醫醫案,是中醫師在診察病人的過程中,經由臨床辨證思維典與診療成果所作追蹤的具體記錄。研讀醫案,有助於提升中醫師的臨床診療能力。歷代中醫典籍中均可見代表性的醫案著作,不同時期的醫案著作有其不同的編纂方式與書寫體例,在中醫學史上也各有其代表性的意義。本文整理歷代中醫典籍中重要的醫案著作,追溯中醫臨床醫案的發展脈絡,獲致以下成果:漢‧司馬遷《史記》是最早的中醫醫案記錄。宋‧許叔微《普濟本事方》以醫案作為臨證經驗的論述佐證。《傷寒九十論》是中醫學第一部記述性醫案的專著。宋‧錢乙《小兒藥證直訣》是最早的兒科系統性病案匯編。宋‧宋慈《洗冤集錄》是世界最早的法醫學專書。明‧江瓘《名醫類案》蒐羅古今諸子百家醫案,是最早的中醫病案專書。明‧張介賓《景岳全書》歸納典籍證治記載與古今醫家臨證經驗,蒐羅完整。清‧喻昌《寓意草》強調先議病後用藥,並制定議病格式。是後世病例討論架構的重要參考。清‧葉天士《臨證指南醫案》是溫病學重要的醫案著述。清‧余震《古今醫案按》開創了全面評述古今醫案的先河。清‧吳鞠通《溫病條辨》是結合系統性醫案與臨床病機,規納重組成為溫病學理論的著作。民國‧姜佐景《經方實驗錄》是近代最具代表性的《傷寒論》經方醫案。 |
英文摘要 | Chinese Medicine clinical case, the followed-up real record of the effect of clinical syndrome differentiation thinking and diagnosis and treatment, ameliorates the diagnosis and treatment if studied. In the Chinese Medicine chronology, typical clinical cases in different writing styles and stages had their own significance. The study in the Chinese Medicine chronology traced the development of important Chinese Medicine clinical cases, and the result showed:Qian Sima's Han Dynasty "Shi Ji" (Records of the Historian) originally recording the clinical cases. Shuwei Xu's Song dynasty "Pu Ji Ben Shi Fang" (Formulas for Universal Benefit From My Practice) confirning clinical experience by clinical cases; her "Shang Han Jiu Shi Lun" (Ninety Essays on Cold Pathogenic Diseases) primitively professionally narrating clinical cases. Yi Qian's Song Dynasty "Xiao Er Yao Zheng Zhi Jue" (The Key to the Therapeutics of Children's Diseases) preliminarily compiling the pediatric cases of systemic disease. Ci Song's Song Dynasty "Xi Yuan Ji Lu" (Record of Washed Grievances) first stating forensic medicine. Guan Jiang's Ming Dynasty "Ming Yi Lei An" (Classified Medical Records of Famous Doctors) primarily mentioning many different schools advocating different professional philosophies of Chinese Medicine clinical cases. Jiebin Zhang's Ming dynasty "Jing Yue Quan Shu" (The Collected Writings of Jing Yue) causing the complete ancient and modern records of syndrome and treatment and clinical experience. Chang Yu's Qing dynasty "Yu Yi Cao" (Difficult Medical Cases) emphasizing diagnosis before prescription whose forms were enacted, a foremost reference for future generations during case discussions. Tianshi Ye's Qing dynasty "Lin Zheng Zhinan" (Case Records as a Guide to Clinical Practice) covering the crucial clinical cases concerning the warm disease theory. Zhen Yu's Qing dynasty "Gu Jin Yi An An" (Comments on Ancient and Modern Case Records) creating comments on all aspects of ancient and modern cases. Jutong Wu's Qing dynasty "Wen Bing Tiao Bian" (Detailed Analysis of Warm Diseases) uniting systemic cases and pathogenesis and inducing and reassembling the warm disease theory. Zuojing Jiang's current Taiwan era "Jing Fang Shi Yan Lu" (Application Records of Classical Formularies) describing the most distinctive treatises on febrile diseases in the modern era. |
本系統之摘要資訊系依該期刊論文摘要之資訊為主。