頁籤選單縮合
題名 | 明末澎湖遊擊兵力裁減源由之研究=Reasons for the Reduction of Peng-Hu Mobile Corps during the Late Ming Dynasty |
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作者 | 何孟興; | 書刊名 | 興大人文學報 |
卷期 | 49 2012.09[民101.09] |
頁次 | 頁45-75 |
分類號 | 673.215302 |
關鍵詞 | 澎湖; 王夢熊; 澎湖遊擊; Peng-Hu; Meng-Xiong Wang; Peng-Hu Mobile Corps Commander; |
語文 | 中文(Chinese) |
中文摘要 | 熹宗天啟五年(1625),明政府在逐走荷蘭人後,在澎湖進行大規模的兵防佈署,並設立了澎湖遊擊鎮守該地。但是,卻因無法找出一個有效的制度或方法,來管控或監督澎湖的駐軍;加上,該地又是荷蘭東亞貿易的重要轉運站,荷人為使其貨物轉運的工作能順利地進行,遂採取賄賂或給好處的手段,來收買當地的守軍;同時,澎湖駐軍亦仗恃「大海遠隔,監督不易」而恣意妄為,於是發生了諸如遊擊王夢熊向荷人借款購貨,再轉售荷人以圖利,甚至於,替海盜鄭芝龍製造兵器和彈藥……等一連串匪夷所思的情事。因為,澎湖駐軍無法發揮預期應有的功能,尤其是,王夢熊犯行被舉發而遭處重刑後,此案不僅讓新設的澎湖遊擊體制遭受不小的創傷,同時,多少亦影響了明政府日後對澎湖進行裁軍的決策走向。加上,此際北方滿人犯邊的問題嚴重,明政府軍費暴增,財政開支愈加地龐大,各省必須分攤中央交派的軍費,財政窘困的福建亦不得例外,故此際若能減少澎湖駐軍數額,或調整其戍防的型態,例如將全年駐防改為春、冬汛防,對福建當局的財政亦當有不少的助益,亦因上述的這些因素,明政府便對新設不到十年的澎湖遊擊,進行了裁撤半數兵力的行動,時間最晚不超過思宗崇禎六年(1633)。總之,「大海遠隔,監督不易」的地理因素、「北邊緊張,遼餉孔急」的財政因素,以及「駐軍收賄,功能不彰」的人為因素,上述三者讓明政府不得不去深入檢討,天啟五年(1625)設立澎湖遊擊,佈署了二千餘人的兵力,長年把守這個孤遠、貧瘠的海島,此一耗費巨大財力、弊端叢生、功能卻不彰顯的措置,是否值得再繼續地執行下去?此亦是明政府對澎湖遊擊進行裁軍背後的源由所在。 |
英文摘要 | In the Tian-Chi Period of the Ming Dynasty, after expelling the Dutch, the Ming government arranged a large scale military disposition in the Peng-Hu islands, and established a "Peng-Hu Mobile Corps Commander" to be responsible for all of the tasks. However, since the Peng-Hu islands are isolated from Fu-Jian by sea and communication and transportation was difficult, the Ming government could not effectively supervise the military in the Peng-Hu islands. As a result, the military leaders were bribed by the Dutch, and this corruption greatly troubled the Ming government. In addition, the invasions of the Man-Zhou people in northeast China cost the Ming government a great deal of money; consequently, the Ming government asked the local government to increase taxation. To fulfill the Ming government's order, the local government of Fu-Jian, already was in a poor financial situation, curtailed half of the manpower of the military in the Peng-Hu islands who were performing poorly and difficult to supervise. |
本系統之摘要資訊系依該期刊論文摘要之資訊為主。