頁籤選單縮合
題名 | 出口棕櫚科植物紅胸葉蟲之檢疫處理=Quarantine Treatment for the Coconut Hispine Beetle, Brontispa longissima (Gestro), on Palm Trees for Export |
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作者姓名(中文) | 張念台; 彭獻忠; 葛文俊; | 書刊名 | 臺灣昆蟲 |
卷期 | 32:4 2012.12[民101.12] |
頁次 | 頁345-354 |
分類號 | 433.3 |
關鍵詞 | 紅胸葉蟲; 檢疫處理; 棕櫚科植物; Brontispa longissima; Quarantine treatment; Palm trees; |
語文 | 中文(Chinese) |
中文摘要 | 紅胸葉蟲(Brontispa longissima Gestro)為棕櫚科植物之重要害蟲,本報告對為害可可椰子(Cocos nucifera L.)的此蟲,於室內與田間進行藥效測試,藉以擬定出口棕櫚科植物紅胸葉蟲檢疫處理方法。室內以不同濃度的50%安丹(propoxur)、40.8%陶斯松(chlorpyrifos)及2.8%賽洛寧(cyhalothrin)三藥劑對紅胸葉蟲體表滴定結果,無論成蟲或幼蟲24小時均達100%死亡。半數擊昏時間(KT50)幼蟲與成蟲皆以安丹稀釋500倍者最短(< 5 min),而對幼蟲與成蟲KT50最長者則分別是賽洛寧(8.45 min)與陶斯松(13.16 min)稀釋1,250倍之處理者。將單片受害椰子心葉浸漬於稀釋1,000倍的四種藥劑5秒,處理後24h,40.8%陶斯松、2.8%賽洛寧及85%加保利(carbaryl)三藥劑對紅胸葉蟲均有100%之防治率,而處理48h後50%安丹之防治率亦可達100%。整叢心葉置於網室中噴灑1,000倍的市售50%安丹與40.8%陶斯松,結果二者分別於處理後第4日及第6日對紅胸葉蟲之成蟲與幼蟲防治率達100%。雖然浸漬與噴藥處理之受測葉中皆有少數卵孵化,但均未見存活之幼蟲。田間可可椰子的兩次噴藥結果顯示,市售50%安丹可濕性粉劑與40.8%陶斯松乳劑在處理後14日對心葉內之紅胸葉蟲可達100%防治率,符合出口檢疫處理之要求。建議棕櫚科植物出口前或等待出口假植前15日,選擇上述安丹或陶斯松稀釋1,000倍後,每7日噴灑1次,連續2次,作為檢疫處理方法。若於裝載前24小時再施用相同處理一次,則更能確保無此蟲檢出之處理效果。 |
英文摘要 | The coconut hispine beetle, Brontispa longissima (Gestro), is the most destructive pest of palm trees. We tested the efficiency of a selection of insecticides and established a efficient quarantine treatment to eliminate this pest on palm trees for export. In laboratory test, when applying 50% Propoxur, 40.8% Chlorpyrifos, and 2.8% Cyhalothrin topically, the mortality rate for both adults and larvae was 100% within 24 h. The shortest KT50 (< 5 min) of larvae and adults was obtained by the treatment of Propoxur at a diluted rate of 500 X. The longest KT50 for larvae was 8.45 min when treated with 1,250 X Cyhalothrin and for adults it was 1,250 X Chlorpyrifos. The dipping treatment of a single unopened spear leaf of the coconut palm tree for 5 seconds with 4 selected insecticides, resulted in a 100% control rate with 1,000 X concentration of 40.8% Chlorpyrifos, 2.8% Cyhalothrin, and 85% Carbary 24 h after treatment. In addition, 50% Propoxur could reach a 100% control rate within 48 h after treatment. In the greenhouse, spraying unopened spear leaves of the coconut palm tree infested by this pest with 1,000 X Propoxur and Chlorpyrifos showed a 100% control rate of the beetles in 4 d and 6 d after treatment, respectively. Although a few eggs hatched in both the dipping and the spraying tests, no living larvae were observed. Field tests, consisting of twice spraying 5 different insecticides on infested coconut trees, showed that 50% Propoxur WP and 40.8% Chlorpyrifos EC at a diluted rate of 1,000 X reached a 100% control rate in 14 days. Either of these two insecticides at a diluted rate of 1,000 X is recommended for quarantine treatment, and the palm trees for export should be sprayed twice in 7 day intervals. Efficient control efficiency is ensured with one additional treatment 24 h before loading the trees that are to be exported. |
本系統之摘要資訊系依該期刊論文摘要之資訊為主。