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| 題 名 | 「墨經」中的科學思想舉隅--以光學與機械學為主的觀察="Mo-jing" Examples of Science an Observation on the Optics and Mechanics |
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| 作 者 | 湯智君; 林承萱; | 書刊名 | 聯大學報 |
| 卷 期 | 9:1 2012.06[民101.06] |
| 頁 次 | 頁157-175 |
| 分類號 | 121.4、121.4、121.4 |
| 關鍵詞 | 墨家; 墨經; 光學; 機械學; 科學傳統; Moist; Mo-jing; Optics; Mechanics; Scientific tradition; |
| 語 文 | 中文(Chinese) |
| 中文摘要 | 英國科學史家李約瑟曾提出一個問題,中國在公元前一世紀到十五世紀,比西方更善於把人類的自然知識應用在實用的目的,但工業革命、近代科學技術卻沒有在中國發生,令人不解。這個疑問,稱為「李約瑟難題」。在中國先秦時代,墨家學派為手工機械的製作者,墨家典籍「墨經」中記載許多科學知識。由於墨家在秦、漢之後衰微,後世學術重思想、輕技術,中國近代科學文明的發展遠遠落後於西方,或許與此有關。「墨經」中的科學知識涵蓋面甚廣,囿於篇幅,本文擬針對「墨經」中光學與機械學理論舉例,進行初步的探討,藉此管窺墨家在古代文明科學發展上的成果與榮耀。而墨家重視經驗實證的科學思維,鼓勵實踐創新的積極精神,或可為今日教育之參酌。 |
| 英文摘要 | United Kingdom science historian Joseph Needham raised a question, and China in the First century BC to the 15th century, are better than the West nature of human knowledge in a practical purpose, but the industrial revolution and modern science and technology has not occurred in China, it is puzzling. This puzzle, known as the "Needham puzzle". In China's pre-Qin era, for hand-making machinery of the Mohist school, Mohist classics "Mo-jing" recorded in a number of scientific knowledge. Due to the diminished after the Mohist school in the Qin and Han, and later academic thought, light technical, scientific and civilized development lags far behind the West in modern times of China, may be relevant here."Mo-jing" covers a wide range of scientific knowledge, due to limited space, this article is intended for "Mo-jing" theory of optics and mechanics, for example, for preliminary discussion, take look at this results in the development of science in the ancient civilization of Mohist school and glorious. Mohist school's emphasis on empirical scientific thinking, spirit actively encourage the practice and innovation, or to consider in the light of actual conditions of education today. |
本系統中英文摘要資訊取自各篇刊載內容。