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題 名 | 外資併購與中國反壟斷法--匯源果汁案深度分析=Foreign Merger and Acquisition under China's Anti-monopoly Law: A Study of the Huiyuan Juice Case |
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作 者 | 范代志; | 書刊名 | 高應科大人文社會科學學報 |
卷 期 | 9:1 2012.07[民101.07] |
頁 次 | 頁121-138 |
分類號 | 585.8 |
關鍵詞 | 競爭法; 不正當競爭; 反壟斷法; 外資併購; 國家安全; Competition law; Unfair competition; Anti-monopoly law; Foreign merger and acquisition; National security; |
語 文 | 中文(Chinese) |
中文摘要 | 競爭法是保護公平競爭、限制不當競爭、防止壟斷行為的重要規範,對市場經濟之發展具有指標作用,別稱經濟憲法。相較於美國自 1890年起即頒布相關法律如謝爾曼反托辣斯法等,台灣於 1991年起陸續制定公平交易法及企業併購法,中國則起步於 1980年國務院發布之「國務院關於開展和保護社會主義競爭的暫行規定」,奠基於 1993年出台之「反不正當競爭法」,完善以 2007年制定之「反壟斷法」等,共同構成維護市場經濟運作秩序的競爭法制。本文首先研究植基於社會主義市場經濟體制的中國競爭法之演變,包括其與各國接軌的法律設計,及於執法機關、職權設置、賠償責任、法確定性等方面不足之處,並提出改善建議。其次研究在反壟斷法下的外資併購,並以 2009年可口可樂併購匯源果汁一案,探討中國如何兼顧招商引資與國家安全而作出更合理的審查決定。本案中國商務部聲稱合併後公司將在碳酸軟飲料市場中取得支配性控制力,迫使消費者接受更高的價格或條件,具有排除及限制相關市場競爭之效果,故加以否決,惟在程序及說明上若能加強,則可避免遭人質疑其有保護民族品牌之意識型態。鑒於外資併購反壟斷審查會對招商引資造成衝擊,中國政府宜制定透明化之遊戲規則,才能使相關法制趨於完善;對外資企業而言,在併購中國企業前,宜考量法律實務、市場競爭、民族感情、國家安全等因素,才能使併購順利成功。 |
英文摘要 | Competition law is the most important regulatory framework for protection of fair market competition, restriction of unfair competition, and prevention of monopoly behavior. China initiated its competition regulation in 1980. Following the U.S. Sherman Antitrust Act of 1890 and Taiwan’s Fair Trade Act of 1991, China established the Anti-Unfair Competition Law in 1993 and the Anti-Monopoly Law in 2007, to jointly constitute the competition law framework to safeguard its “social market economy.” This article first studies the initiation and the development of China’s competition law, especially the Anti-Monopoly Law and its application on foreign merger and acquisition. The article further studies the landmark case of Coca-Cola’s unsuccessful acquisition of China Huiyuan Juice Group in 2009, and discusses how China should balance economic interests with national security in handling foreign merger and acquisition. In the case, China’s Ministry of Commerce alleged that the acquisition would grant Coca-Cola a dominant power in the relevant market, so as to force the consumers to accept higher prices or unfavorable terms. The decision, however, was made without sufficient explanation. Potential impact will exclude and restrict competition in the relevant market. It is thus suggested that China should improve the procedure in its review process, and establish a more transparent mechanism; on the other hand, foreign investors should better assess China’s legal practice, market competition, social feeling, and national security before they proceed with any proposed transaction. |
本系統中英文摘要資訊取自各篇刊載內容。