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題名 | 論選定當事人制度暨團體訴訟=Research on Choosing-parties-system and Class Action |
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作者 | 徐美貞; | 書刊名 | 真理財經法學 |
卷期 | 5 2010.09[民99.09] |
頁次 | 頁61-84 |
分類號 | 586.116 |
關鍵詞 | 現代型紛爭事件; 團體訴訟; 選定當事人制度; 準團體訴訟; Modern disputes; Class action; Quasi class action; Choosing-parties-system; |
語文 | 中文(Chinese) |
中文摘要 | 由於工商業發達、科技進步,公害、交通事故、商品瑕疵或其他本於同一原因事實而被侵害之事件,此等「現代型紛爭事件」,受害人有時可多達數千人以上,設由其全體起訴,難免造成訴訟之遲緩,並增加訴訟費用;且此類損害多屬小額,若由受害人個別起訴,亦有違當事人之程序利益,對於法院而言,可能作出歧異之裁判,也造成司法資源的浪費;受害人大都是分散無組織之個人,其專業知識、法律知識有限,又受時間、精力、財力等限制,有時亦無力主張和實現自己之合法權益,以致於發生社會大眾權益受損而無從賠償之弊。立法院於民國九十二年修訂民事訴訟法,正式引進團體訴訟制度,新法所用之方式,一方面擴大選定當事人之制度;另一方面增定團體不作為訴訟之一般規定,以達減少訟源、訴訟經濟、擴大紛爭解決一回性,並促進當事人平等原則,以助益於實質保障人民之訴訟權、實體利益及程序利益。 |
英文摘要 | Due to prosperious developments of modern business and technology, actions of modern disputes resulting from environmental pollutions, traffic accidents, product defects and other the-same-cause torts issues become unavoidable. While there might be thousands of victims from the same cause, and claims of damages are usually small, it would delay the process if victims are required to file a single lawsuit altogether. However, it would harm the procedural interest of a case if each and every victim files a case on his own. And different decisions of the same issue would waste judicial resources and deter victims to claim damages. As a result, the legislative added the so-called class action in the ROC Civil Procedure Code in 2003 to not only enlarge the selected-party system but to include the class-omission cause in general so that procedural economy could be better served and cases would be reduced. This 2003 legislation also advanced the equity between parties to better protect the right to file a civil action substantially and procedurally. |
本系統之摘要資訊系依該期刊論文摘要之資訊為主。