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題 名 | 論背信罪之本質及定位=On the Essence and Position of Crime of Breach of Trust |
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作 者 | 張天一; | 書刊名 | 中原財經法學 |
卷 期 | 26 2011.06[民100.06] |
頁 次 | 頁185-242 |
分類號 | 585.48 |
關鍵詞 | 背信罪; 侵占罪; 背任行為; 濫用權限說; 違背信任說; Crime of breach of trust; Embezzlement; Act of perfidy theory of abuse rights; Theory of violate obligations; |
語 文 | 中文(Chinese) |
中文摘要 | 由財產犯罪的發展歷程觀之,背信罪是一個較晚期才出現的犯罪類型,一直到十九世紀末期時,才自其他的財產犯罪中脫離而出,成為一個獨立的犯罪類型。而當初立法者將背信罪個別立法的重要考量之一,在於欲以背信罪填補其他財產犯罪的規範不足之處,因此,學說上對於背信罪之規範本質以及其在財產犯罪上之定位,存在著多種不同之看法,尤其在背信罪與侵占罪應如何區分的問題上,更是爭論的焦點所在。 為能釐清背信罪本質及定位之問題,本文先就背信罪在德國法及日本法上的發展過程予以介紹,以明瞭其立法沿革。其次,藉由對學說見解的整理及分析,以確認背信罪之規範本質,而能掌握背信罪所欲掌握之侵害行為態樣。再者,則就背信罪與侵占罪間的關連性加以探討,為背信罪找到適當之定位, 本文認為,以「濫用權限說」詮釋背信罪之本質,係為較可採之看法,因背信罪在其規範目的上是具有獨立性,而與其他財產犯罪共同形成一個保護個人財產利益之整體規範。而背信罪所要處罰的侵害行為,應是行為人因具有處理他人財產之權限,而於一定範圍內得對他人之財產予以支配,若行為人對此等權限予以濫用,進而導致他人之財產利益受到損害,即屬背信罪之規範範圍。至於行為人在權限範圍外對他人財產所為的越權行為,並非是背信罪所要掌握之行為態樣,應藉由侵占罪予以規範為當。 |
英文摘要 | Based on the development of property crimes, crime of breach of trust is a type that appeared later than other types of property crimes. It was not separated from other property crimes, and thus became an independent criminal category, until the end of the 19th century. One of the reasons that the legislators singled it out is that it can complement the deficiencies of other property crimes. As a result, there are varied theories on the nature of its regulations and on the position it occupies in property crimes. Among the theories, there are especially many arguments on how to distinguish crime of breach of trust from embezzlement. This thesis introduces the development of the law about crime of breach of trust in German laws and Japanese laws in order to clarify its legislative development, its nature, and its position. Then, it specifies the essence of the regulations of crime of breach of trust and grasps the scopes of the trespass by collecting and analyzing the theories. Finally, it locates the best position for crime of breach of trust by analyzing the connections between it and embezzlement. This thesis regards the theory of abusing rights as the better one when it is used to explain the nature of crime of breach of trust. The law of crime of breach of trust is independent in its objective of the regulations, while it also forms a regulative system to protect one’s property interests along with other laws of property crimes. The trespass that this law deals with should consist of the following conditions. First, the actor should have the right to handle another person’s property and he/she dominates the property within a certain range. Then, the actor abuses the rights so as to damage another person’s property interests. When the actor trespasses another person’s property out of the range of his rights, it does not belong to what the law deals with. It should be tackled with the law about embezzlement. |
本系統中英文摘要資訊取自各篇刊載內容。