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題名 | 應用衛星反演資料分析颱風劇烈降水個案與其在預報颱風降水的可行性探討=Applying Retrieval Satellite Data to Typhoon Heavy Rainfall Analysis and the Potential for Its Prediction |
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作者 | 周鑑本; 吳倩雯; 齊祿祥; 張拱祿; 廖美慧; | 書刊名 | 氣象學報 |
卷期 | 48:2 2010.09[民99.09] |
頁次 | 頁61-77 |
分類號 | 328.63 |
關鍵詞 | 總可降水量; Total precipitable water; |
語文 | 中文(Chinese) |
中文摘要 | 總可降水量是指由地面到太空的大氣氣柱中,所有的水氣凝結成液態水的總量,單位是kg/m2,可由搭載於繞極軌道衛星的微波觀測儀器SSMI或AMSU,反演大氣所含的總可降水量。本文收集近5年來侵襲台灣的颱風個案,以由衛星反演其伴隨的總可降水量分布,與侵台期間自動雨量站所觀測的雨量,找出莫拉克颱風侵台造成重大水災的原因;並試圖探討以此參數作為24小時颱風降水預報參考的可行性。由研究結果顯示,莫拉克颱風本身即伴隨著相當豐沛的可降水量外,強盛的西南氣流也引進大量的可降水量,加上地形抬升的作用,造成南台灣地區連續數日的強降水,而此西南氣流中豐沛的水汽的成因與南海地區低壓有關。莫拉克颱風本身及其引發西南氣流所含豐沛的水汽是近5年侵台颱風資料中所罕見,可由總可降水量分布影像圖觀察得到。此外總可降水量參數,若能輔以颱風環流強度、預報路徑、及歷史的降雨資料,是有可能建立適用於台灣地區24小時颱風降水預報的輔 助資訊。 |
英文摘要 | The satellite total precipitable water (kg/m2) is the amount of water vapor in the column from the surface of the Earth to the space. The microwave instruments SSMI and AMSU can be used to retrieve the parameter. It could be a useful physical parameter related to the heavy precipitation. In order to study the cause of heavy precipitation induced by Typhoon Morakot, we collect the image of total precipitable water associated with all typhoons that invaded Taiwan in the recent five years. The daily accumulated rainfall amount in Taiwan area in the same period with those typhoons also has been collected. The analysis results show that heavy precipitation by Typhoon Morakot is caused by convective systems of the typhoon itself and abundant water vapors existing in the southwesteries induced by the typhoon. And such abundant water vapors in the southwesteries may be caused by the depression in the South China Sea .The abundant water vapor of Typhoon Morakot has never been seen in the five-years data. Our study shows that the satellite total precipitable water image is useful to observe the water vapor content variation. The potential of 24 hours rainfall forecast associated with typhoon in Taiwan area by using total precipitable water image also has been studied. The results show that total precipitable water image with other aguidance data (eg. 24 hours typhoon track prediction, historical data of rainfall and surface analysis) could be useful information on this topic. |
本系統之摘要資訊系依該期刊論文摘要之資訊為主。