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題名 | 環太平洋地區蔥薊馬(Thysanoptera, Thripidae, Thrips tabaci Lindeman)之遺傳變異=Genetic Variation of Thrips tabaci Lindeman (Thysanoptera: Thripidae) in the Pacific Rim |
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作者 | 曾麗月; 張念台; 曾美容; 葉文斌; | 書刊名 | 臺灣昆蟲 |
卷期 | 30:3 2010.09[民99.09] |
頁次 | 頁219-234 |
分類號 | 387.761、387.761 |
關鍵詞 | 蔥薊馬; 核醣體第二間區; 細胞色素氧化酶次單位元一; 遺傳變異; Thrips tabaci; Internal transcribed spacer 2; Mitochondrial cytochrome oxidase subunit Ⅰ; Genetic variation; |
語文 | 中文(Chinese) |
中文摘要 | 蔥薊馬 (Thrips tabaci Lindeman) 為世界性分佈害蟲,其體色多態且翅上毛列 變異大,為進口農作上最常見的害蟲,已有學者認為蔥薊馬為複合種群含有 3 個形 態種。本實驗收集與台灣貿易往來較密切的環太平洋地區國家的蔥薊馬,複製粒線體 COI 及核醣體 ITS2 序列,進行遺傳變異分析。環太平洋地區各國蔥薊馬 COI 序 列以紐西蘭的族群變異最大,差異都在 2% 以上,其次為日本的族群,其餘各國序 列變異大小相近;網狀儉約分析則顯示有兩個主要的 COI 基因單型,其一是美洲地 區的美國、祕魯及墨西哥,另一則是西太平洋的中國、台灣及日本。若將環太平洋地 區與基因庫上蔥薊馬的 COI 一起分析,則發現歐洲地區的個體變異最大,而親緣分 析則顯示全世界的蔥薊馬有 3 個截然不同的演化支系,支系 A 的成員主要來自歐 洲;支系 B 內有全世界各地的蔥薊馬,太平洋周邊國家,除日本及紐西蘭外,幾乎 都屬支系 B;支系 C 的成員則全部來自歐洲。環太平洋地區蔥薊馬 ITS2 序列與英 國地區序列差異高達 16%,而環太平洋地區蔥薊馬 ITS2 序列變異則有限,最大的 變異族群出現在泰國,其與各國族群變異多在 1.5% 以上;ITS2 序列儉約網狀基因 單型則顯示英國、紐西蘭、澳大利亞及日本間有較高的相關性。本研究分析 COI 及 ITS 序列顯示全世界的蔥薊馬有很高的分化,而台灣的族群僅屬於其中之一支系,需 嚴防其它支系的蔥薊馬個體進入台灣,以免產生雜交改變原有蔥薊馬族群之基因組 成,避免更大危害。 |
英文摘要 | Thrips tabaci Lindeman with different characteristics of body color and number of setae are commonly found in imported agricultural products. It is a cosmopolitan pest, and is considered to contain three morphospecies. In this study, both genes of the nuclear internal transcribed spacer 2 (ITS2) region and mitochondrial cytochrome oxidase subunit I (COI) of onion thrips collected from the Pacific Rim area are used in the genetic diversity analysis. For the Pacific Rim countries the greatest difference in COI sequences, more than 2%, is found in the New Zealand population. Two major haplotype groups were found in the statistical parsimony analysis. One is the haplotype from the coastline of the Americas including the USA, Peru, and Mexico, and the other is from west Pacific countries including China, Japan, and Taiwan. The compilation of sequences in this study and those from the genbank indicate that the greatest variability of COI genes is found in the European population, where three distinct phylogenetic lineages can be found. Lineage A constitutes most of the individuals from Europe, those from lineage C definitely come from Europe, and those from the Pacific Rim mostly fall in lineage B which is a cosmopolitan group. For the ITS sequences, the greatest difference, up to 16%, is found in the population of the United Kingdom. The statistical parsimony network suggests that there is a close affinity in haplotypes among the populations of England, New Zealand, and Japan. Genetic analyses of both genes indicate that T. tabaci in Taiwan constitutes only one of the different populations in the world. Thus, the introduction of foreign T. tabaci populations should be prevented to try and reduce their hybridization with local population, which may result in serious economic damage. |
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