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題 名 | 印度棗栽培種花器發育習性之差異=Variation of Flower Development Characteristics among Indian Jujube (Ziziphus mauritiana Lam) Cultivars |
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作 者 | 邱祝櫻; 顏昌瑞; | 書刊名 | 高雄區農業改良場研究彙報 |
卷 期 | 18:2 2007.12[民96.12] |
頁 次 | 頁13-21 |
分類號 | 435.327 |
關鍵詞 | 印度棗; 花發育; 開花型; 開花習性; Indian jujube; Flower development; Flowering type; Flowering characteristics; |
語 文 | 中文(Chinese) |
中文摘要 | 印度棗之花屬於聚繖花序,具有雄蕊較雌蕊先發育成熟特性。為瞭解品種間開花特性及花期,本研究調查20印度棗品種,結果發現,特龍、肉龍、碧雲、紅雲、新世紀、高朗1號、2號、3號、高雄3號、5號之花期在8至11月;玉冠、黃冠、蜜棗、中葉、大葉、仙桃、金桃、台農4號、高雄2號及6號之花期在9至12月。 利用顯微鏡檢視花器發育,結果發現,品種間花器發育時間有差異。依花蕾開裂、雄蕊成熟、雌蕊之柱頭伸長、雌蕊成熟等發育時序 (time sequence) 之不同,可將印度棗之開花習性歸類為上午及下午開花型等二型。花發育時序之不同,在授粉行為分類上是重要且有用的。花蕾於上午開裂、雄蕊於上午成熟,雌蕊於下午成熟者為上午開花型,特龍、肉龍、紅雲、玉冠、高朗1號、2號、3號、高雄2號、3號、5號等10品種屬之。花蕾開裂及雄蕊成熟在下午、雌蕊成熟在翌日之上午者為下午開花型,碧雲、黃冠、新世紀、蜜棗、仙桃、金桃、大葉、中葉、台農4號、高雄6號等10品種屬之。瞭解不同品種之花器發育時序及開花特性,間植不同開花型授粉品種,可提高栽培品種之授粉及著果率,達到穩定生產之目標。 |
英文摘要 | The flowers of Indian jujube (Ziziphus mauritiana Lam) belong to cyme inflorescence with the protandrous characteristics. To understand the flowering characteristics and duration, 20 cultivars were investigated. Results showed that the flowering duration of Telong, Rowlong, Piyun, Hongyun, Hsinsugi, Kaolang 1, Kaolang 2, Kaolang 3, Kaohsiung 3 and Kaohsiung 5 were from August to November. Later flowering from September to December was found for Yukuang, Huangkuang, Mejao, Medium-leaf, Large-leaf, Sentao, Kingtao, Tainung 4, Kaohsiung 2 and Kaohsiung 6. Based on the flower development by microscope examination, flowering characteristics of total 20 cultivars were varied and can be divided into two flowering types based on time sequence of flower bud opening, stamen (anther and pollen) maturity, stigma elongation, and carpel maturity. Time sequence of flower development became an important and useful characteristic in classification of pollination behavior. For cultivars of morning flowering type, the splitting of sepal and maturing of stamen are in the morning, and for cultivars of afternoon flowering type, the splitting of sepal and maturing of stamen are in the afternoon. Indian jujube cultivars can be grouped into one of these two types. Hence, Hongyun, Telong, Rowlong, Yukuang, Kaolang1, Kaolang 2, Kaolang 3, Kaohsiung 2, Kaohsiung 3, and Kaohsiung 5 belonged to the morning flowering type while Piyun, Huangkuang, Hsinsugi, Kaohsiung 6, Mejao, Sentao, Kingtao, Dayeh, Chungyeh and Tainung 4 belonged to the afternoon flowering type. Inter-planting of cultivars with pollen donor plants that have the opposite flowering type can increase the pollination and fruit set and hence to stabilize Indian jujube production. |
本系統中英文摘要資訊取自各篇刊載內容。