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題 名 | Incomplete Neutralization : Evidence from Tone Sandhi in Mandarin Chinese=中立化不完全:以國語連音變調為例 |
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作 者 | 柯美雲; | 書刊名 | 靜宜語文論叢 |
卷 期 | 3:2 2010.06[民99.06] |
頁 次 | 頁157+159-178 |
分類號 | 802.58 |
關鍵詞 | 國語連音變調; 二聲字; 三聲字; |
語 文 | 英文(English) |
中文摘要 | 國語三三變調之聲韻規律指出,兩個三聲的字組成的詞語,前面的一個三聲字轉讀成二聲字。本研究旨在探討三聲字變成二聲字是否完全。實驗方式是由五位國語為母語之男性,分別讀內含三三聲語詞與發音相同的二三聲語詞等句子,藉由變異性分析結果顯示,三聲字轉成二聲字 (稱之衍生二聲字),其所有資料基頻與二聲字之基頻均有顯著之不同。此外,辨別分析結果亦顯示,衍生二聲字與二聲字具有近六成的辨別機率。故本研究為「中立化不完全」之現象提供了一項證據。 |
英文摘要 | Incomplete neutralization has been found in several studies and most of them deal with the case of syllable-final devoicing. This study has examined a different case of neutralization, or a case of tonal allophony, i.e., tone 3 sandhi in Mandarin Chinese. In Mandarin Chinese the tone 3 rule, or called tone sandhi, changes tone 3 into tone 2 if it precedes another word marked with tone 3. In order to investigate whether or not the neutralization is complete, a production experiment was conducted in which three minimal pairs of Mandarin two-syllable phrases, /tone2 + tone 3/ phrases and /tone 3 + tone 3/ phrases, were produced by five male native Mandarin speakers in disguised sentences and contrastive sentences respectively. ANOVA (Analysis of Variance) and discriminant analysis were employed. The results of ANOVA showed that all the fundamental frequency for the derived tone 2 (from /tone3 + tone 3/phrases) and the underlying tone 2 (from /tone 2 + tone 3/ phrases) are significantly different across all the data. Discriminant analysis also revealed that the derived tone 2 and the underlying tone 2 can be correctly categorized with better discrimination than the rate of 57% across all conditions. In other words, the derived tone 2 is acoustically distinguishable from the underlying tone 2, yielding incomplete neutralization. Therefore, the results of this study can provide a further evidence and support for the notion of incomplete neutralization. |
本系統中英文摘要資訊取自各篇刊載內容。