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題名 | 小林村災變之地質背景探討=Geological Investigation on the Catastrophic Landslide in Siaolin Village, Southern Taiwan |
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作者 | 李錫堤; 董家鈞; 林銘郎; | 書刊名 | 地工技術 |
卷期 | 122 2009.12[民98.12] |
頁次 | 頁87-94 |
分類號 | 354.58 |
關鍵詞 | 山崩; 災變式山崩; 地質調查; 小林村; Landslide; Catastrophic landslide; Geological investigation; Siaoling village; |
語文 | 中文(Chinese) |
中文摘要 | 2009年莫拉克颱風帶來的超級雨量在高雄縣甲仙鄉小林村後方山坡誘發大型山崩,造成掩埋村落而致五百人失蹤的巨災。山崩發生於8月9日清晨6時許,從高出村落約五百至九百公尺的山坡開始發生崩塌,大量的崩滑土石快速向下流動,一部份土石翻越590高地而掩埋了村落,大部份土石繼續沿山溝向下流動,進入旗山溪主流而堵塞河道並形成堰塞湖。山崩發生一小時後,堰塞湖潰決,大水沖刷被土石掩埋的村落,留下目前的殘景。 此次巨災的癥結點有三:(1)地質構造上,滑動區北側地層層面與南側東西向節理暨小斷層共同形成一組向西傾斜且呈虛懸狀態的不利岩楔;(2)發生滑動的溪溝源頭儲積甚厚的老崩積層與新崩積物,有利於地表水的入滲,使新鮮頁岩上方的破碎頁岩與崩積物容易含水飽和;(3)滑動區坡高太高,衝擊能量太大,擴大了災害的程度。 |
英文摘要 | The 2009 Typhoon Morakot brought a huge amount of rainfall in southern Taiwan and caused a catastrophic landslide which buried houses and about 5 hundred people in the Siaolin Village, Jiasian Township, Kaohsiung County. The landslide initiated from a slope about 500m to 900m above the riverbed on about 6 o’clock in the morning, 9th August. Huge amount of slid materials moved quickly downward and became a debris flow. A part of debris topped over the 590 highland, spread on the hillslope, and finally reached and destroyed the Siaolin Village. Most debris kept downward movement along the gully and reached the Chishan Creek, and blocked the main stream forming a dam-up-lake. About 1 hour later, the lake started breaking, the flood flushed out the buried village remaining the present view. The cruxes of the problem for the catastrophic landslide may include the following 3 points. (1) Geologically, there are unfavorable wedge combinations formed by bedding planes at north side and joints or small fault at south side, and also the wedges were overhanging. (2) The source area of slide locates at a stream head and was covered by very thick colluvium of different ages. These loose materials provided good chance for water infiltration and caused the unstable wedge easily saturated. (3) The source area of slide is too high above the village; the potential energy transferred into dynamic energy and enlarged the impact of the landslide. |
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