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題 名 | 超臨界二氧化碳法與二種水蒸汽蒸餾法對檜木萃取效率之研究=Efficiency of Extraction from Chamaecyaris Formosensis by Supercritical CO₂and Two Hydrodistillation Methods |
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作 者 | 尹華文; 李慶國; 陳正豐; | 書刊名 | 林產工業 |
卷 期 | 28:2 2009.06[民98.06] |
頁 次 | 頁73-84 |
分類號 | 466.63 |
關鍵詞 | 反應曲面法; 超臨界流體抽提; 水蒸汽蒸餾; 精油; Response surface methodology; RSM; Supercritical fluid extraction; Steam distillation; Essential oil; |
語 文 | 中文(Chinese) |
中文摘要 | 本研究係以超臨界二氧化碳(Supercritical carbon dioxide)、傳統水蒸汽蒸餾及新型雙重冷卻蒸餾三種方法萃取檜木(Chamaecyparis formosensis),再比較其色澤、氣味以及萃取率,並使用反應曲面法(Response surface methodology; RSM)探討超臨界萃取的適當條件。試驗結果顯示:以超臨界二氧化碳的萃取物,最接近檜木粒片的天然香氣;而使用新型雙重冷卻裝置者,由於蒸餾過程經過雙重冷卻,將餾出的精油保持在低溫狀態,因此,檜木香氣的成份得以保留;而使用傳統水蒸汽抽提之精油氣味,較不似天然香氣。以超臨界二氧化碳萃取之萃取率則依操控條件之不同而異,最高可達15.65%,較水蒸汽蒸餾者,增加了3倍;將水蒸汽蒸餾後之檜木粒片,再以超臨界二氧化碳法,仍可再萃取出約9.0%,可知以水蒸汽蒸餾只萃取出全量的1/3。經反應曲面法解析使用超臨界二氧化碳由壓力(10-20 MPa)、溫度(40-60℃)及時間(1.5-2.5 hr)組成17項條件之萃取結果,顯示壓力最具效應,其次為作業時間,操作溫度的影響則最小。 |
英文摘要 | This study employed supercritical carbon dioxide extraction, conventional and novel double cooling hydrodistillation method to extract essential oil from processing wastes of Taiwan red cypress (Chamaecyparis formosensis). Color, fragrance and extraction yield of the extractives made by the above three methods were compared. Response surface methodology (RSM) was adopted to investigate the optimal conditions for supercritical SC-CO_2 extraction. Among the extracts produced by three methods, the purest fragrance was extracted by SC-CO_2. Inferior fragrance was obtained for essential oils extracted by the conventional steam extraction. Superior fragrance was obtained for essential oils extracted by the advanced steam extraction. Natural fragrances of Taiwan red cypress were preserved, since essential oils were kept in lower temperature by double cooling during distillation. Yield of SC-CO_2 extraction could reach as high as 15.65%, and extract yield by SC-CO_2 were 3 times greater than that by hydrodistillation extraction. Various operating parameters produced different yield by SC-CO_2. Extraction yield by SC-CO_2 were 3 times greater than that by steam extraction. SC-CO_2 could extract additional 9% essential oils from steam extracted Taiwan red cypress particles. Hence, steam only extracted one-third of overall essential oils from Taiwan red cypress particles. Analysis by response surface methodology for SC-CO_2 extractions revealed that pressure affected the extraction yield most significantly, followed by the extraction time and temperature. Optimal operational parameters were established by factorial design for 17 experiments: pressure (10-20MPa), extraction temperatures (40-60℃) and durations (1.5-2.5hr). |
本系統中英文摘要資訊取自各篇刊載內容。