頁籤選單縮合
題名 | 臺灣超甜玉米雜種優勢類群之探討=Studies on Heterotic Patterns of Super Sweet Corn Varieties in Taiwan |
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作者 | 劉紹國; 謝光照; 曾富生; | 書刊名 | 臺灣農業研究 |
卷期 | 58:1 2009.03[民98.03] |
頁次 | 頁31-44 |
分類號 | 434.147 |
關鍵詞 | 超甜玉米; 熱帶型; 溫帶型; 雜種優勢; 一般組合力; Super sweet maize; Tropical; Temperate; Heterotic pattern; General combining ability; |
語文 | 中文(Chinese) |
中文摘要 | 爲探討熱帶型與溫帶型玉米型間雜種組合之表現,以3個熱帶型及11個溫帶型品種進行半互交,所獲數據以Griffing模式Ⅰ方法4(91個正交雜種)進行全互交分析。所調查之性狀包括有開花期、吐絲期、株高、穗位高、葉數、穗位葉長、穗位葉寬、葉面積、去苞葉果穗重、穗長、穗徑、行數、穿刺力及甜度。不同類型間雜交組合農藝性狀之比較,就營養性狀,株高、葉面積、總葉數,穗位葉長及穗位葉寬而言,不同類型雜交組合間呈現熱帶型×熱帶型大於或等於溫帶型×熱帶型大於溫帶型×溫帶型之趨勢;就去苞葉果穗重而言,呈現熱帶型×熱帶型相近於溫帶型×熱帶型大於溫帶型×溫帶型之趨勢,表示熱帶型×熱帶型及溫帶型×熱帶型之雜交組合具有較高之產量雜種優勢。就籽粒糖度而言,則呈現溫帶型×溫帶型相近於溫帶型×熱帶型大於熱帶型×熱帶型之趨勢,其中甜度超過15Brix以上,在溫帶型×溫帶型之雜交組合有16個,溫帶型×熱帶型的雜交組合有6個。經組合力分析顯示,品種間一般組合力(GCA)效應在鮮果穗產量及營養性狀間均達極顯著。熱帶型與溫帶型間產量及營養性狀一般組合力之表現有所不同,熱帶型品種正效應居多,溫帶型品種負效應居多;就甜度的效應而言,熱帶型品種爲負效應居多,溫帶型品種以正效應居多。 |
英文摘要 | A half set of diallel crosses of three tropical and eleven temperate varieties of maize was studied in this study. Data of 91 crosses were analyzed by Griffing's method Ⅰ and mode Ⅵ. Fourteen traits, including days to tasseling, days to silking, plant height, ear height, total leaf number, ear leaf length, ear leaf width, leaf area per plant, ear fresh weight, ear length, ear diameter, row number, bite test and sugar content were investigated. The results were summarized as follows: the plant height, leaf area per plant, total leaf number, ear leaf length and ear leaf width of tropical × tropical crosseshad more than those of temperate × tropical or temperate × temperate crosses, and also temperate × tropical crosses had more than those of temperate × temperate. The ear fresh weight of the tropical × tropical and tropical × temperate crosses had higher yield than those of temperate × temperate, and non-significant difference was found between crosses of tropical × tropical and temperate × temperate. There are 16 crossed hybrides of temperate × temperate, and 6 crossed hybrids of temperate × tropical having sugar content over 15 Brixo° Significant general combining abilities were found in the fresh ear weight and vegetable traits. The tropical type had positive effect and temperate type had negative effect of combining ability in yield and vegetable traits; but they had opposite result in sugar content. |
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