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題名 | 國際環境公約下之處理不遵約機制=Non-Compliance Mechanisms under the Multilateral Environmental Agreements |
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作者 | 施文真; | 書刊名 | 臺灣國際法季刊 |
卷期 | 3:4 民95.12 |
頁次 | 頁7-77 |
專輯 | 國際環境法 |
分類號 | 445.9 |
關鍵詞 | 國際環境公約; 遵約; 處理不遵約程序; 蒙特婁議定書; 京都議定書; 爭端解決程序; Multilateral environmental agreements; Compliance; Non-compliance procedures; Montreal protocol; Kyoto protocol; Dispute settlement procedures; |
語文 | 中文(Chinese) |
中文摘要 | 隨著自然資源使用的衝突增加,跨境的環境污染事件增多,國家於國際環境公約(以下簡稱MEAs)下承擔的國際義務日趨嚴格。MEAs的規範與經濟利益之間的關係越來越密切,不履行MEAs的締約國在經濟上有獲利的機會,MEAs下之條約義務履行不力,導致全球環境問題持續無法解決等因素所致,增加了因公約的不履行可能引發的爭端。惟該些爭端甚少透過各個國際環境公約中之傳統爭端解決程序來解決,而是係透過所謂「處理不遵約機制/程序」(non-compliance mechanism/procedures)來加以處理。相較於傳統的爭端解決機制主要著眼於環境爭端發生後之後端解決程序,遵約機制的目的主要,在於協助締約國履行公約的規範,以避免後續之爭端產生。本文以MEAs下之「遵約機制」為探討對象,希望瞭解「遵約」此一觀念背後之理論依據,以及目前於MEAs下之實踐為何,並透過對MEAs下實踐之觀察,瞭解遵約機制與傳統爭端解決手段間之關係。 |
英文摘要 | Environmental dispute arises more frequently nowadays as a result of increasing conflict over the use of natural resources, more stringent and technical obligations under multilateral environmental agreements (MEAs), and worsening global environmental problems in the face of increasing regulations. Few such disputes were handled through the traditional dispute settlement procedures under the MEAs. Rather, a non-confrontational "non-compliance mechanism" has been designed and more widely used in some MEAs to deal with issues of non-compliance with a view of offering technical assistance to encourage compliance. This article will focus on this novel mechanism by analysing compliance theories, practices under five MEAs, and comparison between non-compliance mechanism and dispute settlement procedures. |
本系統之摘要資訊系依該期刊論文摘要之資訊為主。