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題名 | Genesis of Soils along a Toposequence in Nanjenshan Long-Term Ecological Research Site, Taiwan=臺灣南仁山地區長期生態研究試驗地地形土序中土壤之化育 |
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作者 | 蔡呈奇; 陳尊賢; | 書刊名 | 宜蘭大學生物資源學刊 |
卷期 | 4:2 2008.12[民97.12] |
頁次 | 頁151-159 |
分類號 | 436.193 |
關鍵詞 | 土壤化育; 極育土; 弱育土; 地形土序; 長期生態研究; Soil genesis; Ultisols; Inceptisols; Toposequence; Long-term ecological research; |
語文 | 英文(English) |
中文摘要 | 在臺灣地區的研究中,對於瞭解地形在土壤的發生、分類與土壤性質之分布的影響是較為不足。地景形態對於土壤剖面發育的影響非常重要,因為在森林的地景中,地景形態是瞭解土壤之風化作用、淋洗作用與養份或其它可溶性溶質的再分布等過程的重要因子。本篇研究的主要目的為探討南仁山之地形土序中土壤的化育與辨別地形位置對於土壤發生與分類的影響。研究地點位於臺灣南部南仁山長期生態研究試驗地的北邊,即在南仁山的西南脊,面積為1公頃之沿海拔分布的截線樣帶。研究結果指出:土壤性質的分布、土壤化育及土壤分類與地景形態之間有強烈的一致性變化。土壤的分類結果在水平距離500公尺的範圍內有相當大的變化,包括山頂位置的典型厚育濕潤極育土(Typic Paleudults)及下背坡與麓坡位置的典型低鹽基濕潤弱育土(Typic Dystrudepts);土壤性質的分布隨土壤化育作用而變化,且與地形位置有強烈的相關。一般而言,砂粒、坋粒、有機碳、可交換性鹽基(鉀、鍋、鈣、鎂)與鹽基飽和度(%)隨地形位置的降低而逐漸增加,但是包括土體厚度、黏粒、總體密度與pH(H2O)值卻隨地形位置的降低而逐漸減少。季風與颱風兩者對於本研究地區之生態系與森林外貌都有影響。 |
英文摘要 | The influence of topography on soil development, classification and the distribution of soil properties are poorly understood in Taiwan. The influence of landscape morphology on soil profile development is important in understanding the processes responsible for weathering, leaching, and redistribution of nutrients and other dissolved solutes within forested landscape. Our objectives, therefore, were to examine the genesis of soil along a toposequence in Nanjenshan and to determine the effect of topographic position on soil development and classification. The study site is a one-hectare, altitudinal transect, established on the northwestern ridge of Nanjenshan, the north part of the Nanjenshan Long-Term Ecological Research Site in southern Taiwan. Results indicate that strong correspondences were found between the landscape morphology, distribution of soil properties, soil genesis, and soil classification in this study area. Soils ranged from a Typic Paleudults in the summit position, through a Typic Dystrudepts in lower backslope position, and finally a Typic Dystrudepts in footslope position; this is considerable variability within a horizontal distance of 500 m. The distribution of soil properties varied with soil genesis and was strongly related to landscape position. In general, sand, silt, organic carbon, exchangeable bases (K, Na, Ca, and Mg), and base saturation (%) increased downslope, while solum thickness, clay, bulk density, and pH (H2O) generally decreased downslope. Monsoon winds and typhoon both have impacts on the ecosystem and forest physiognomy of this study area. Additional research is needed to more fully understand the interactive relationships among landscape position, soil properties, and vegetal composition. |
本系統之摘要資訊系依該期刊論文摘要之資訊為主。